تأثیر کاربرد زئولیت و نیتروژن بر کیفیت، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سیب‌زمینی در شرایط مزرعه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

3 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

4 گروه تحقیقات به زراعی، مؤسسه تحقیقات و آموزش توسعه نیشکر و صنایع جانبی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

برای بررسی تأثیر کاربرد سطوح مختلف زئولیت و نیتروژن بر عملکرد و برخی ویژگی‌های کیفی سیب­زمینی، در شرایط مزرعه­ای، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات، در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه کردستان در سال زراعی 1397 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کاربرد زئولیت کلینوپتیلولیت در چهار سطح (صفر، 5، 10 و 15 تن در هکتار) به­عنوان کرت اصلی و کاربرد نیتروژن در پنج سطح (صفر، 50، 100، 150 و200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار) به­عنوان کرت فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد در اثر کاربرد سطوح مختلف زئولیت عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد غده، متوسط وزن غده‌، درصد ماده خشک غده به­طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت، در حالی­که غلظت نیترات در غده به­طور معنی­داری کاهش یافت. همچنین کاربرد نیتروژن سبب افزایش معنی­دار عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد غده، درصد ماده خشک غده، متوسط وزن غده‌ و غلظت نیترات در گیاه گردید. بیش­ترین عملکرد غده سیب زمینی با کاربرد 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و بیش­ترین عملکرد غده و شاخص برداشت با مصرف 10 تن در هکتار زئولیت بود. عملکرد غده در این تیمار در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد (بدون کاربرد زئولیت) 9/13% بیش­تر بود. به­طور کلی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد کاربرد زئولیت در سطح 10 تن در هکتار می­تواند راهکار مناسبی در بهبود عملکرد و کیفیت سیب­زمینی باشد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of the Application of Zeolite and Nitrogen on Quality, Yield and Yield Components of Potato under Field Condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kohsar Ahmadi 1
  • Mohammad Ali Mahmoodi 2
  • Masoud Davari 2
  • Farzad Hosseinpanahi 3
  • Akbar Karimi 4
1 Graduated MSc Student, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
2 Department of soil science, Collage of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
3 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
4 Department of Agronomy Research, Khuzestan Sugarcane Development and By-products Research and Training Institute, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

For evaluation of the effect of different levels of zeolite and nitrogen on yield and some quality traits of potato under field condition, an experiment was carried out as a split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design in three replications in research fields of University of Kurdistan in 2018. The experimental treatments were clinoptilolite zeolite application at four levels (0, 5, 10 and 15 ton ha-1) as the main plot and nitrogen application at five levels (0, 50, 100 150 and 200 kg N ha-1) as the sub plot. The results indicated that with the application of different levels of zeolite, tuber yield, biological yield, average tuber weight, tuber dry matter, significantly increased, while, tuber NO3- concentration significantly decreased. Also, the results indicated that the nitrogen application led to significant increase in the tuber yield, biological yield, average tuber weight, tuber dry matter and NO3- concentration. The greatest tuber yield was recorded at 200 kg ha-1 N application treatment.  The highest tuber yield and harvest index were recorded at 10 ton ha-1 zeolite application treatment. The tuber yield in this treatment was 13.9% higher than the control treatments (no zeolite application). In general, the results of this study demonstrated that the zeolite application at 10 ton ha-1 can be a suitable practice for improving potato yield and quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Potato
  • Nitrate
  • Soil amendment
  • Sustainable Agriculture
  • Urea Fertilizer
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