تغییرات مکانی ذخایر کربن آلی و غیر آلی در چند رده خاک جنگلی و مرتعی شمال ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی-باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، سنندج، ایران

2 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده

بررسی تغییرات مکانی کربن آلی خاک در کاربری­های مختلف، کمک شایانی در تفسیر و شبیه­سازی رفتار اکوسیستم­های خاکی در مواجهه با تغییرات اقلیمی و زیست­محیطی می­کند. اراضی تپه­ای و شیب­دار روستای باندر به دلیل اکوسیستم منحصر به فرد و تأثیر شیب در ایجاد خرد اقلیم‌ها و تغییرات پوشش گیاهی، از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. تغییرات مکانی میزان محتوا و ذخیره کربن آلی و غیرآلی خاک در اعماق مختلف مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. تأثیر نوع کاربری اراضی، مواد مادری، ویژگی­های توپوگرافی و برخی از ویژگی­های خاک نیز بر روی میزان محتوا و ذخیره کربن آلی و غیرآلی خاک در 56 خاکرخ بررسی شد. به طور متوسط بیشترین میزان ذخایر کربن آلی و غیرآلی خاک (Mg/ha6/196=SOC،  Mg/ha2/88=SIC) در مالی­سول­ها و کمترین مقادیر در انتی­سول­ها (Mg/ha 9/59=SOC، 3/11=SIC) به دست آمد. بیشترین میزان ذخیره کربن کل نیز به طور متوسط در مالی­سول­ها 9/284 Mg/ha و کمترین آن در انتی­سول­ها 2/71 Mg/ha به دست آمد. همبستگی بین ذخایر کربن آلی و غیرآلی خاک نشان دهنده آن است که کربن غیر آلی خاک در این منطقه از کربن آلی سرچشمه می­گیرد. در کاربری جنگل قسمت اعظم ذخایر کربن آلی خاک در افق­های سطحی قرار داشته و کربن آلی آن نیز بیشتر از نوع تازه و نیمه تجزیه شده و در ارتباط با جزء سیلت خاک می­باشد. بنابراین خاک­های جنگلی نسبت به خاک­های مرتعی که قسمت اعظم کربن آلی آن‌ها در افق­های زیرسطحی و در ارتباط با جزء رس خاک قرار دارد، در پاسخ به تغییر کاربری و اقدامات مدیریتی شکننده­تر می­باشد.    

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial Variations of Organic and Inorganic Carbon Stocks in Some Forest and Rangeland Soils of Northern Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Osat 1
  • Ahmad Heidari 2
1 Assistant professor of Horticulture Crop Research Department, Kordestan agricultural and natural resources research and education center, AREEO, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Professor of Soil Science Department,University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Spatial variability of soil organic carbon in different land uses could be effective in interpreting and simulating the behavior of ecosystems in encountering the climate and environmental changes. The hilly lands of the study area are unique ecosystem with particular importance due to the effect of slope in creating microclimates with different vegetation. The spatial variability of soil organic and inorganic carbon contents and storages were studied at various depths. The effects of land use, parent material, topographical properties and some of soil characteristics on soil organic and inorganic carbon contents and storages were investigated in 56 soil pedons. In average, the highest (SOC=196.6 Mg/ha, SIC=88.2 Mg/ha) and lowest (SOC=59.9 Mg/ha, SIC=11.3 Mg/ha) storage contents of soil organic and inorganic carbon were found in Mollisols and Entisols, accordingly. The highest average total carbon storage also was found in Mollisols (284.9 Mg/ha) while the lowest was in Entisols (71.2 Mg/ha). Increasing soil inorganic carbon with increasing soil organic carbon indicates that inorganic carbon originates from soil organic carbon. In forestland, most amounts of soil organic carbon stocks are located in surface horizons, in fresh and semi-decomposed forms and in combination with silt fractions. Therefore, forest soils are more fragile in response to the changes in management rather than rangelands that contain most of their organic carbon stocks in subsurface horizons and in combination with clay fractions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil Organic Carbon
  • Soil Inorganic Carbon
  • Spatial Variability
  • Forest
  • Rangeland
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