ارزیابی توانایی دیاتومیت در حذف سرب و کادمیوم از محلول های آبی با استفاده از سیستم ناپیوسته (Batch)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دانشگاه ارومیه

2 هیئت علمی دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

حضور فلزات سنگین در محیط مخصوصا در آب مشکلات زیست محیطی زیادی به­وجود می­آورد. از فناوری­های موثر بر حذف آن­ها استفاده از جاذب­ها است و برخی از این جاذب­ها از نظر اقتصادی، قابلیت در دسترس بودن و قدرت حذف زیاد بر سایر آن­ها مزیت دارد. در این مطالعه جذب یون­های فلزی سرب و کادمیوم در غلظت­های (0 تا mg L-1200) به وسیله دیاتومیت ایران و دیاتومیت فرانسه به عنوان جاذب از محلول­های آبی به صورت تک عنصری در سیستم ناپیوسته (Bach) بررسی شد. برای تعیین ویژگی­های دیاتومیت­ از میکروسکوب الکترونی روبشی (SEM)، دستگاه پراش نگار X (XRD) و طیف نگاری فلوئورسانس پرتو X ­(XRF)، استفاده شد. ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی (CEC) دیاتومیت­ ایران و دیاتومیت فرانسه به ترتیب 80 و (cmol kg-1) 15 و مساحت سطح جاذب­های ذکر شده به ترتیب 55 و (m2­g-1) 23 به­دست آمد. مدل­های جذب لانگمویر (99/0­–89/0=R2)، فروندلیچ (98/0­–81/0=R2)، تمکین (98/0­–80/0=R2)، دوبینین–رادشکویچ (97/0­–83/0=R2) و ایلوویچ (90/0­–26/0=R2) بر داده­ها برازش یافت. نتایج نشان داد دیاتومیت ایرانی قابلیت بیشتری برای جذب سرب و کادمیوم از محلول­های آبی در مقایسه با دیاتومیت فرانسه دارد و میزان جذب فلز سرب در حضور هر دو جاذب بیشتر از کادمیوم می­باشد. بطوریکه حداکثر سرب جذب شده (qmax) به وسیله دیاتومیت­ ایرانی و فرانسوی به ترتیب 8/65 و (mg g-1) 2/41 و حداکثر کادمیوم جذب شده به وسیله جاذب­های ذکر شده به ترتیب 3/47 و (mg g-1) 5/35 تعیین شد. با توجه به نتایج آزمایش­های بدست آمده و در دسترس بودن دیاتومیت ایرانی و ارزانی آن می­توان از این ماده به عنوان یک ماده کاربردی برای حذف فلزات سنگین از جمله سرب و کادمیوم از منابع آب آلوده استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of diatomite efficiency in removing of lead and cadmium from aqueous solutions in batch system

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marzieh Piri 1
  • Ebrahim Sepehr 2
1 Urmia University
2 Urmia University
چکیده [English]

Abstract:

The presence of heavy metals in the environment, especially in water creates environmental problems. Effective technology to remove metals are using of adsorbents and some of adsorbents that economically, availability and high power to extract heavy metals better than others. In this study, sorption of Cd and Pb by diatomite (Iranian diatomite and French diatomite) from aqueous solutions, a batch experiment were conducted with various metal concentration (0 to 200 mg L-1) and 0.03M NaNO3 were applied as a background solution. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) were used to characterize the adsorbents. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) values for Iranian diatomite and French diatomite were 80 and 15 cmol kg-1, respectively and surface area of diatomites were calculated as 55 and 23 (m2 g-1) , respectively. Adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir (R2=0.89-0.99), Freundlich (R2=0.81-0.98), Temkin (R2=0.80-0.98), Dubinin-Radushkevich (R2=0.83-0.97) and Elovich (R2=0.26-0.90) isotherm models. The results showed that the sorption affinity of Pb onto both adsorbents was greater than that of Cd. Also Iranian diatomite can adsorb more Pb and Cd than French diatomite. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of Pb was 65.8 and 41.23 (mg g-1) for Iranian diatomite and French diatomite, respectively, and the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of Cd was 47.30 and 35.56 (mg g-1) for adsorbents, respectively. According to the results, abundant, locally available cheap minerals of Iranian diatomite showed a greater efficiency for removal of Cd and Pb from the aqueous solution, also can be used for water pollutants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Key words: sorption
  • Diatomite
  • Cd
  • Pb
  • water remediation

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 49، شماره 1
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1397
صفحه 125-134

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