برآورد رطوبت سطحی خاک و بررسی برنامه‏ریزی آبیاری اراضی نیشکر با استفاده از مدل ذوزنقه حرارتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 رئیس اداره سنجش از دور و GIS، مؤسسه تحقیقات و آموزش توسعه نیشکر، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

3 استاد گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

رطوبت خاک یکی از پارامترهای کلیدی در مطالعات منابع آب و برنامه‏ریزی آبیاری می‏باشد. اندازه‏گیری رطوبت خاک در مقیاس کلان کاری بسیار زمان‏بر و پر هزینه است. روش‏های سنتی اندازه‏گیری رطوبت خاک در سطح مزرعه نمی‏توانند تغییرات مکانی رطوبت را به بهترین صورت نشان دهند. روش‏های نوین مختلفی در خصوص استفاده از داده‏های ماهواره‏ای جهت مدل‏سازی رطوبت خاک مبتنی بر تصاویر حرارتی توسعه داده شده‏اند. این پژوهش در سال 1399 با هدف بررسی توانایی تصاویر ماهواره‏ای حرارتی در برآورد رطوبت خاک و برنامه‏ریزی آبیاری اراضی کشت و صنعت نیشکر امیرکبیر واقع در جنوب استان خوزستان انجام شد. به‏همین‏منظور در فصل داشت نیشکر درصد رطوبت خاک برای 9 گذر ماهواره لندست 8 محاسبه شد و با استفاده از تعداد 180 نقطه کنترل زمینی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت، همچنین به منظور بررسی ارتباط رطوبت خاک با زمان آبیاری مزارع، اطلاعات روزانه آبیاری 32 مزرعه طی دوره مورد مطالعه ثبت شده بود استفاده گردید. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد، دقت مدل در برآورد رطوبت خاک با مقادیر اندازه‏گیری شده در سطح مزرعه مناسب است. به‏طوری‏که جذر میانگین مربعات خطا نرمال شده (NRMSE) برابر 9/12 درصد و ضریب تبیین (R²) برابر 82/0 حاصل شد. همچنین نتایج رطوبت خاک در مدیریت آبیاری مزارع نیشکر نشان داد، این مدل به‏دلیل استفاده از باند حرارتی به عوامل محیطی از جمله درصد رطوبت نسبی هوا، دمای هوا و آفت مؤثر است. به‏طوری‏که (NRMSE) با تنش رطوبتی خاک برابر 32/24‏%، زمان آبیاری برابر 20/22‏%، رطوبت متوسط برابر 7/11‏%، رطوبت بالا برابر 20/13‏% و در حال آبیاری برابر 86/8‏% بدست آمد. در نتیجه، دقت مدل ذوزنقه حرارتی جهت برنامه‏ریزی آبیاری مزارع در برآورد تنش رطوبتی خاک و زمان آبیاری مزرعه در برخی از دوره‌های فصل رشد نیشکر متوسط است و برآورد مزارعی که دارای رطوبت مناسب (در حد ظرفیت زراعی)، رطوبت بالا (اشباع) و در حال آبیاری، دقت مناسب می‏باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimating Soil Surface Moisture Content and Investigating Irrigation Schedule of Sugarcane Fields Using Thermal Trapezoidal Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jamal Mohammadi Moalezade 1
  • سعید Hamzeh 2
  • atefeh sayadi shahraki 3
1 Head of Remote Sensing and GIS Office, Sugarcane Development Research and Training Institute, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Water Science Engineering, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Soil moisture is one of the key parameters in water resources studies and irrigation remote planning. Measuring soil moisture on a large scale is costly and very time consuming. Traditional methods of measuring soil moisture at farm level cannot show the spatial changes of moisture in the best way. Various new methods have been developed to use satellite data to model soil moisture based on thermal images. This study was conducted in 2020 with the aim of investigating the ability of thermal satellite imagery to estimate soil moisture and to plan irrigation rounds of lands in sugarcane industry of Amirkabir located in the south of Khuzestan province. For this purpose, during growing season of sugarcane, soil moisture content was calculated for 9 crossings Landsat 8 satellite and evaluated using 180 ground control points, and also daily irrigation data of 32 farms (25-hectare) were recorded during the study period. The results showed that the accuracy of the model is suitable for estimating soil moisture with the measured values at the farm level. The mean square root of normalized error (NRMSE) was 12.9% and the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.82. Also, the results of soil moisture in irrigation management of sugarcane fields showed that thermal trapezoidal model is effective due to using thermal bands to environmental factors such as relative humidity percentage, average air temperature, pest (leaf dryness) and plant temperature, and somewhat in June and July causes errors in irrigation planning of sugarcane fields. The mean square root of normalized error (NRMSE) during soil water stress was 24.32%, during irrigation time was 22.20%, at average humidity was 11.7%, during high humidity was 13.20% and during irrigation was 8.86%. Consequently, the accuracy of thermal trapezoidal model for planning irrigation of farms in estimating soil water stress and field irrigation time in some periods of growing season is moderate and for fields having sufficient soil moisture is well.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irrigation planning
  • Thermal trapezoid
  • Soil moisture
  • Remote sensing
  • Sugarcane

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 53، شماره 10
دی 1401
صفحه 2209-2223

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