Ahmed, A., Gariepy, Y. & Raghavan, V. (2017). Influence of wood-derived biochar on the compactibility and strength of silt loam soil. International Agrophysics, 31(2), 149.
Alkhasha, A., Al-Omran, A. & Aly, A. (2018). Effects of biochar and synthetic polymer on the hydro-physical properties of sandy soils. Sustainability, 10(12), 4642.
Atkinson, C. J., Fitzgerald, J. D. & Hipps, N. A. (2010). Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils: a review. Plant and Soil, 337(1), 1-18.
Batista, E. M., Shultz, J., Matos, T. T., Fornari, M. R., Ferreira, T. M., Szpoganicz, B., Freitas, R. A. D. & Mangrich, A. S. (2018). Effect of surface and porosity of biochar on water holding capacity aiming indirectly at preservation of the Amazon biome. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-9.
Behnam, H., Farrokhian Firouzi, A. & Moezzi, A. (2017). Effect of biochar and compost sugarcane bagasse on some soil mechanical properties. Journal of water and soil conservation, 23(4), 235-250. (In Farsi)
Bhatt, B., Chandra, R., Ram, S. & Pareek, N. (2016). Long-term effects of fertilization and manuring on productivity and soil biological properties under rice (Oryza sativa)–wheat (Triticum aestivum) sequence in Mollisols. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 62(8), 1109-1122.
Blanco-Canqui, H. (2017). Biochar and soil physical properties. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 81(4), 687-711.
Blanco-Canqui, H. (2021). Does biochar application alleviate soil compaction? Review and data synthesis. Geoderma, 404, 115317.
Blake, G. R. (1965). Bulk density. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1 Physical and Mineralogical Properties, Including Statistics of Measurement and Sampling, 9, 374-390.
Briggs, C., Breiner, J. M. & Graham, R. C. (2012). Physical and chemical properties of Pinus ponderosa charcoal: implications for soil modification. Soil Science, 177(4), 263-268.
Burrell, L. D., Zehetner, F., Rampazzo, N., Wimmer, B. & Soja, G. (2016). Long-term effects of biochar on soil physical properties. Geoderma, 282, 96–102.
Castellini, M., Giglio, L., Niedda, M., Palumbo, A. D. & Ventrella, D. (2015). Impact of biochar addition on the physical and hydraulic properties of a clay soil. Soil and Tillage Research, 154, 1-13.
Crane-Droesch, A., Abiven, S., Jeffery, S. & Torn, M. S. (2013). Heterogeneous global crop yield response to biochar: a meta-regression analysis. Environmental Research Letters, 8(4), 044-049.
Daryaee, R., Moosavi, A. A., Ghasemi, R. & Riazi, M. (2021). Effect of petroleum products on the strength of calcareous soils. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 52(10), 2607-2621. (In Farsi)
De Jesus Duarte, S., Glaser, B. & Pellegrino Cerri, C. E. (2019). Effect of biochar particle size on physical, hydrological and chemical properties of loamy and sandy tropical soils. Agronomy, 9(4), 165.
Edeh, I. G., Mašek, O. & Buss, W. (2020). A meta-analysis on biochar's effects on soil water properties–New insights and future research challenges. Science of the Total Environment, 714, 136857.
Ganesan, S. P., Bordoloi, S., Ni, J., Sizmur, T., Garg, A. & Sekharan, S. (2020). Exploring implication of variation in biochar production on geotechnical properties of soil. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 1-11.
Gavili, E., Moosavi, A. A. & Moradi, F. (2018). Assessing cattle manure biochar potential for ameliorating physical soil features and spinach responses under drought stress conditions. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 64(12), 1714-27.
Gee, G. W. & Bauder, J. W. (1986). Particle-size analysis. Methods of soil analysis: Part 1—Physical and mineralogical methods, (methodsofsoilan1), 383-411.
Goyal, R. & Kahlon, M. S. (2022). Soil physico-chemical properties and water productivity of maize as affected by biochar application under different irrigation regimes in northwest India. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 53(9), 1068-1084.
Gümüş, İ., Negiş, H. & Şeker, C. (2022). Effects of two different biochar on physical quality characteristics of a heavy clay soil. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 15(9), 1-8.
Han, L., Zhang, B., Chen, L., Feng, Y., Yang, Y. & Sun, K. (2021). Impact of biochar amendment on soil aggregation varied with incubation duration and biochar pyrolysis temperature. Biochar, 3(3), 339-347.
Horak, J., Simansky, V. & Igaz, D. (2019). Biochar and biochar with N fertilizer impact on soil physical properties in a silty loam Haplic Luvisol. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 20(7).
Hu, F., Xu, C., Ma, R., Tu, K., Yang, J., Zhao, S., Yang, M. & Zhang, F. (2021). Biochar application driven change in soil internal forces improves aggregate stability: Based on a two-year field study. Geoderma, 403, 115276.
Iqbal, I. (2018). Effect of sugarcane litter compost on soil compaction. International Journal of Agriculture System, 6(1), 35-44.
Kemper, W. D. & Rosenau, R. C. (1986). Aggregate stability and size distribution. Methods of soil analysis: Part 1 Physical and mineralogical methods, 5, 425-442.
Khodarahmi, Y., Boroomand, N. S., Soltani, M. A. & Nasseri, A. A. (2019). Evaluation of modified biochar and zeolite effect on some physical and chemical properties of loamy soil. Journal of Water and Soil Resources Conservation, 8(4), 87-101. (In Farsi)
Khosravani, P., Moosavi, A. A. & Baghernejad, M. (2021). Spatial Variations of Soil Penetration Resistance and Shear Strength and the Effect of Land Use Type and Physiographic Unit on These Characteristics. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 52(4), 1041-1057. (In Farsi)
Kinney, T. J., Masiello, C. A., Dugan, B., Hockaday, W. C., Dean, M. R., Zygourakis, K. & Barnes, R. T. (2012). Hydrologic properties of biochars produced at different temperatures. Biomass and Bioenergy, 41, 34-43.
Kumar, H., Huang, S., Mei, G. & Garg, A. (2021). Influence of feedstock type and particle size on efficiency of biochar in improving tensile crack resistance and shear strength in lean clayey soil. International Journal of Damage Mechanics, 30(4), 646-661.
Lehmann, J. & Joseph, S. (Eds.). (2015). Biochar for environmental management: science, technology and implementation. Routledge.
Liang, C., Gasco, G., Fu, S., Mendez, A. & Paz-Ferreiro, J. (2016). Biochar from pruning residues as a soil amendment: Effects of pyrolysis temperature and particle size. Soil and Tillage Research, 164, 3-10.
Liu, J., Schulz, H., Brandl, S. Miehtke, H., Huwe, B., & Glaser, B. (2012). Short‐term effect of biochar and compost on soil fertility and water status of a Dystric Cambisol in NE Germany under field conditions. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 175(5), 698-707.
Ma, F., Dai, J., Fu, Z., Li, C., Wen, Y., Jia, M., Wang, Y. & Shi, K. (2022). Biochar for asphalt modification: A case of high-temperature properties improvement. Science of The Total Environment, 804, 150194.
Moosavi, A. A., Gavili, E. & Masoudi, F. (2019). Effect of Cattle Manure and Palm Residue Biochars Produced at Different Pyrolysis Temperatures on Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and the Coefficients of Chloride Transportation in a Sandy Loam Soil. Iranian Journal of Soil Research, 32(4), 553-566. (In Farsi)
Nasimi, P., Karimi, A. & Motaghian, H. R. (2019). Effects of Biochar produced from date palm’s leaves on saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil moisture coefficients of sandy clay loam soil. Iranian Water Research Journal, 13, 161-171. (In Farsi)
Negiş, H., Şeker, C., Gümüş, I., Manirakiza, N. & Mücevher, O. (2020). Effects of biochar and compost applications on penetration resistance and physical quality of a sandy clay loam soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 51(1), 38-44.
Novak, J., Sigua, G., Watts, D., Cantrell, K., Shumaker, P., Szogi, A., Johnson, M. G. & Spokas, K. (2016). Biochars impact on water infiltration and water quality through a compacted subsoil layer. Chemosphere, 142, 160-167.
Pituello, C., Dal Ferro, N., Francioso, O., Simonetti, G., Berti, A., Piccoli, I., Pisi, A. & Morari, F. (2018). Effects of biochar on the dynamics of aggregate stability in clay and sandy loam soils. European Journal of Soil Science, 69(5), 827-842.
Rahim, H. U., Mian, I. A., Arif, M., Rahim, Z. U., Ahmad, S., Khan, Z., Ayoub Khan, M. & Haris, M. (2019). 3. Residual effect of biochar and summer legumes on soil physical properties and wheat growth. Pure and Applied Biology (PAB), 8(1), 16-26.
Razzaghi, F., Obour, P. B. & Arthur, E. (2020). Does biochar improve soil water retention? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Geoderma, 361, 114055.
Riahi, R., Hatira, A., Baccouche, S. & Nakouri, A. (2018). Development of an empiric model of estimation of the environmental risk of soil physical degradation in the context of climate change application in the Mejerda valley, Tunisia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 147, 498-510.
Saffari, N., Hajabbasi, M. A., Shirani, H., Mosaddeghi, M. R. & Owens, G. (2021). Influence of corn residue biochar on water retention and penetration resistance in a calcareous sandy loam soil. Geoderma, 383, 114734.
Sangani, M. F., Abrishamkesh, S. & Owens, G. (2020). Physicochemical characteristics of biochars can be beneficially manipulated using post-pyrolyzed particle size modification. Bioresource technology, 306, 123157.
Shaabani Roofchaee, A., Abrishamkesh, S., Shabanpour Shahrestani, M. & Fazeli Sangani, M. (2020). Effect of olive kernel biochar suspension on physical properties and loss of an erosion-prone soil. Environmental Erosion Research Journal, 10(3), 74-95. (In Farsi)
Singh, H., Northup, B. K., Rice, C. W. & Prasad, P. V. (2022). Biochar applications influence soil physical and chemical properties, microbial diversity, and crop productivity: a meta-analysis. Biochar, 4(1), 1-17.
Speratti, A. B., Johnson, M. S., Martins Sousa, H., Nunes Torres, G. & Guimarães Couto, E. (2017). Impact of different agricultural waste biochars on maize biomass and soil water content in a Brazilian Cerrado Arenosol. Agronomy, 7(3), 49.
Sun, F. & Lu, S. (2014). Biochars improve aggregate stability, water retention, and pore-space properties of clayey soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 177, 26–33.
Sun, Q., Meng, J., Lan, Y., Shi, G., Yang, X., Cao, D., Chen, W. & Han, X. (2021). Long-term effects of biochar amendment on soil aggregate stability and biological binding agents in brown earth. Catena, 205, 105460.
Toková, L., Igaz, D., Horák, J. & Aydin, E. (2020). Effect of biochar application and re-application on soil bulk density, porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, water content and soil water availability in a silty loam Haplic Luvisol. Agronomy, 10(7), 1005.
Wani, I., Kushvaha, V., Garg, A., Kumar, R., Naik, S. & Sharma, P. (2022). Review on effect of biochar on soil strength: Towards exploring usage of biochar in geo-engineering infrastructure. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 1-32.
Wong, J. T. F., Chen, Z., Chen, X., Ng, C. W. W. & Wong, M. H. (2017). Soil-water retention behavior of compacted biochar-amended clay: a novel landfill final cover material. Journal of soils and sediments, 17(3), 590-598.
Xue, P., Fu, Q., Li, T., Liu, D., Hou, R., Li, Q., Li, M. & Meng, F. (2022). Effects of biochar and straw application on the soil structure and water-holding and gas transport capacities in seasonally frozen soil areas. Journal of Environmental Management, 301, 113943.
Yang, C., Liu, J. & Lu, S. (2021). Pyrolysis temperature affects pore characteristics of rice straw and canola stalk biochars and biochar-amended soils. Geoderma, 397, 115097.
Zanutel, M., Garré, S. & Bielders, C. L. (2022). Long‐term effect of biochar on physical properties of agricultural soils with different textures at pre‐industrial charcoal kiln sites in Wallonia (Belgium). European Journal of Soil Science, 73(1), e13157.
Zong, Y., Chen, D. & Lu, S. (2014). Impact of biochars on swell–shrinkage behavior, mechanical strength, and surface cracking of clayey soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 177(6), 920-926.
)