بررسی آزمایشگاهی تاثیر هندسه و ابعاد بلوک‌های میانی حوضچه آرامش بر مشخصات پرش هیدرولیکی در پایین‌دست شوت صاف و پلکانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران.

2 گروه عمران، دانشگده عمران و نقشه برداری، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران.

چکیده

 
هدف از تحقیق حاضر، بررسی و مقایسه خصوصیات جریان عبوری از شوت پلکانی و شوت صاف و همچنین مطالعه اثر تغییر در هندسه و ابعاد بلوک­های حوضچه آرامش تیپ USBR III بر روی مشخصات پرش هیدرولیکی می­باشد. آزمایش­ها بر روی مدل آزمایشگاهی شوت پلکانی و مقایسه آن با شوت صاف و همچنین حوضچه آرامش همراه با بلوک­های میانی در ابعاد و اشکال مختلف در شرایط هیدرولیکی مختلف انجام شد. نتایج با حوضچه آرامش بدون بلوک (پرش کلاسیک) مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از مقایسه دو نوع شوت نشان داد که در شوت پلکانی به دلیل تلاطم جریان بر روی پله­ها باعث اختلاط آب و هوا و انتقال محل نقطه شروع هوادهی به بالادست شوت پلکانی می­شود. میزان استهلاک انرژی و ضریب زبری دارسی در شوت پلکانی به­طور میانگین به ترتیب 10 و 6/15 درصد نسبت به شوت صاف افزایش می­یابد که نشانگر عملکرد هیدرولیکی مناسب شوت پلکانی نسبت به شوت صاف می­باشد. نسبت اعماق مزدوج و طول پرش هیدرولیکی در حوضچه آرامش همراه با بلوک به ترتیب حداکثر 12/22 و 36 درصد نسبت به پرش کلاسیک کاهش می­یابد. روند کاهش با افزایش ارتفاع بلوک­ها و عدد فرود بیشتر می­شود و این به دلیل وجود بلوک­ها در حوضچه آرامش و در نتیجه افزایش تلاطم و مقاومت در برابر جریان می­باشد. افت انرژی نسبی در حوضچه آرامش همراه با بلوک به­طور میانگین حداکثر 24 درصد نسبت به پرش کلاسیک افزایش می­یابد که این روند با افزایش عدد فرود شدت می­یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Experimental Study on the Geometric Effects of the Baffle Blocks in Stilling Basin on the Hydraulic Jump Characteristics Downstream of Smooth and Stepped Chutes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rasoul Daneshfaraz 1
  • Amir Ghaderi 2
  • Shahram Rajabi 3
1 Professor , Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Iran.
2 University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371 - 38791, Iran
3 MSc Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Hydraulic jump phenomenon is a rapid variation in flow conditions that occurs for dissipation of the kinetic energy of the flow in downstream of the hydraulic structures in stilling basins. The aim of this study is to investigate flow characteristics of stepped and smooth chute and the effects of block geometry on the hydraulic jump characteristics in the stilling basin USBR III. Experiments were conducted on the stepped chute and they were compared with smooth chute as well as stilling basin and baffle blocks and end sill in different geometry shapes to test the hydraulic behavior of different hydraulic conditions. The results were compared with stilling basin without block. The results of comparing the two types of chutes showed that in stepped chute, the air entrainment inception locations a positioning further upstream than the smooth chute due to the turbulence of the flow on the steps. The energy dissipation and Darcy roughness coefficient in stepped chute increases by 10% and 15.6% on average compared to smooth chute, respectively, which indicates the appropriate hydraulic performance of stepped chute compared to smooth type. Results showed that increasing the Froude number and height of the baffle blocks caused decreasing sequent depths ratio and the jump length by 22.12 and 36 percent, respectively, compared to classical jump. It is believed that the main reason was raising the rate of secondary flows and flow resistance due to the baffle blocks in stilling basin. The energy dissipation increased by 24 percent, compared to the classical jump and further increase in high Froude number.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy Dissipation
  • Hydraulic Jump length
  • Stilling Basin USBR III
  • Darcy roughness coefficient
  • sequent depths ratio
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