اثر مواد نفتی بر مقاومت خاک‌های آهکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 بخش علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

3 علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

4 گروه مهندسی نفت، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، نفت و گاز، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

لزوجت و ثابت دی­الکتریک متفاوت در آلاینده­های نفتی سبب برهمکنش­های فیزیکی-شیمیایی در سیستم الکترولیت سیال منفذی و به دنبال آن ایجاد تغییراتی در ویژگی­های فیزیکی و مکانیکی خاک می­شود. ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖﺑﺮﺷﻲﺧﺎکﺳﻄﺤﻲﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎی مکانیکی ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ و اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮیﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ خاک به عنوان یک مشکل جهانی است. مقاومت فروروی (نفوذی) نیز یکی دیگر از ویژگی­های مکانیکی مهم خاک است که عملیات خاک­ورزی، رشد گیاه و فعالیت­های زیستی خاک را تحت تاثیر قرار داده و ﻧﻘﺶﻣﻬﻤﯽ در جوانه­زنی ﺑﺬر، رﺷﺪ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ رﯾﺸﻪﮔﯿﺎه و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺤﺼﻮل دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر کاربرد مقادیر صفر، 5/1، 3 و 5/4 درصد سه نوع فراورده­ی نفتی شامل نفت خام، نفت سفید و گازوئیل بر مقاومت برشی و نفوذی سه خاک آهکی با بافت لوم رسی، ماسه لومی و لوم ماسه­ای انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین مقاومت برشی در خاک­های ماسه لومی و لوم ماسه­ای در مقایسه با خاک لوم رسی به طور معنی­داری و به ترتیب به میزان حدود 100 و 35 درصد و مقاومت نفوذی در خاک­ ماسه لومی در مقایسه با خاک­های ­لوم رسی و لوم ماسه­ای به طور معنی­داری و به­ترتیب به میزان حدود 83 و 88 درصد کمتر بود. میانگین مقاومت برشی در خاک­های ترکیب شده با نفت سفید و گازوئیل نیز در مقایسه با خاک­های ترکیب شده با نفت خام به طور معنی­داری و به­ترتیب به میزان حدود 17 و 15 درصد و مقاومت نفوذی نیز به ترتیب به میزان حدود 61 و 53 درصد بیشتر بود. به طور کلی کاربرد مقادیر 5/1، 3 و 5/4 درصد مواد نفتی مورد نظر سبب افزایش معنی­دار مقاومت برشی خاک به ترتیب به میزان حدود 58، 47 و 14 درصد و همچنین سبب افزایش معنی­دار مقاومت نفوذی خاک به میزان حدود 2 برابر در همه­ی موارد و در مقایسه با نمونه­های شاهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Petroleum Products on the Strength of Calcareous Soils

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raziyeh Daryaee 1
  • Ali Akbar Moosavi 2
  • reza ghasemi 3
  • Masoud Riazi 4
1 Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz
3 Department of soil science, faculty of agriculture, shiraz university, shiraz, iran
4 Department of Petroleum Engineering, College of Chemical, Petroleum, and Gas Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Different viscosity and dielectric constants in petroleum productscause physicochemical interactions in the porous fluid electrolyte system, followed by changes in the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. Shear strength of surface soil is one of the most important mechanical properties influencing determination and prediction of soil erosion as a global problem. Penetration resistance is also another mechanical properties of soil that affects tillage operations, plant growth, and soil biological activities and has an important role in seed germination, root growth and development, and crop yield. This study aimed to investigate the effect of application of 0, 1.5, 3.5, and 4.5% of three types of common petroleum products including crude oil, kerosene, and gasoline on shear strength and penetration resisstance of three calcareous soils with clay loam, loamy sand, and sandy loam textures. Results showed that the mean value of shear strength in loamy and sandy loam soils compared to that of clay loam soils was significantly higher by nearly 100 and 35%, respectively, and the penetration resistance in loamy sand soils compared to that of clay loam and sandy loam soils was significantly lower by nearly 83% and 88%, respectively. The mean value of shear strength in soils mixed with kerosene and gasoline compared to that of the soils mixed with crude oil was significantly higher by nearly 17 and 15%; and penetration resistance was significantly higher by nearly 61 and 53%, respectively. In general, the application of 1.5, 3, and 4.5% of oil products caused a significant increase in soil shear strength by about 58, 47, and 14%, respectively, and also caused a significant increase in soil penetration resistance by about two times in all cases compared to that of control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Clay loam
  • crude oil
  • gasoline
  • kerosene
  • loamy sand
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