ارزیابی مدل‌های مختلف برآورد تبخیر و تعرق مرجع(ETo) در دشت الشتر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان. لرستان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان. لرستان، ایران.

3 بخش آب و خاک، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کردستان

چکیده

برآورد دقیق مقدار تبخیر و تعرق مرجع(ETo  ) در هر منطقه با توجه به اهمیت آن در مدیریت منابع آب و برنامه­ریزی صحیح آبیاری امری ضروری است. با توجه به وقت­گیر و هزینه­بر بودن روش­های مستقیم اندازه­گیری (ETo  )، لذا در بسیاری از موارد از مدل­های تجربی و ریاضی برای این منظور استفاده می­گردد که لازمه اطمینان از این مدل­ها صحت­سنجی و ارزیابی آنها با استفاده از داده­های لایسیمتری است. روش­های مختلفی برای تخمین تبخیر و تعرق وجود دارد؛ اما عملکرد این معادلات در شرایط اقلیمی گوناگون متفاوت است. از این رو در این تحقیق 15 مدل مختلف جهت برآورد تبخیر و تعرق مرجع با توجه به نتایج لایسیمتری در منطقه الشتر مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. اطلاعات مورد نیاز مدل­های مختلف جهت برآورد (ETo  ) از ایستگاه سینوپتیک الشتر تهیه شد. نتایج ارزیابی آماری نشان داد مدل­های جنسن­هیز و تورک از گروه تشعشعی به ترتیب با (14/1 RMSE=) و (42/1 RMSE=) میلی­متر و مدل هارگریوز – سامانی از گروه دمایی با (72/1 RMSE=)  میلی­متر بیشترین دقت را جهت برآورد (ETo  ) در منطقه مورد مطالعه داشتند. از طرف دیگر مدل­های مییر و WMO  از گروه انتقال جرم به ترتیب با (78/4 RMSE=)  و (73/4 RMSE=) میلی­متر از دقت بسیار پایینی برخوردار بودند. در نهایت با توجه به اهمیت مدل فائو- پنمن- مانتیث در محاسبات مربوط به تبخیر و تعرق، مقایسه بین مقادیر لایسیمتری و مقادیر برآوردی توسط این مدل نشان داد که مدل­ فائو-پنمن-مانتیث با مقادیر (83/5 RMSE=)  میلی­متر و (10/0 = (R2 دقت پایینی در برآورد مقدار ETo   در منطقه دارد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Different Models for Estimating Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) in Aleshtar Plain

نویسندگان [English]

  • aryan heidari motlagh 1
  • aliheidar nasrolahi 2
  • Majid Sharifipour 2
  • shadman veysi 3
1 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University. Lorestan, Iran.
2 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran.
3 Water and Soil Department, Kurdistan Agricultural Research and Training Center and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Accurate estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in each region is necessary due to its significant contribution to water resources management and proper irrigation planning.  Since direct (ETo) measurement methods are time consuming and costly, therefore, in many cases, experimental and mathematical models are used for this purpose. These models, however, can’t be used unless they are validated and verified using lysimetric data. A various methods can be used to estimate evapotranspiration; but the performance of these equations are varied from one climatic condition to another. Therefore, in the present study, lysimetric data have been used to evaluate 15 ETo estimation models in Aleshtar region. The data required in different (ETo) estimation models were collected from Aleshtar synoptic station. According to the statistical evaluation results, the Jensen- Haise (RMSE = 1.14) and Turk (RMSE = 1.42) models from the radiation group and the Hargreaves–Samani (HS) model (RMSE = 1.72) from the temperature group were found to be the most accurate ETo estimation models in the study area. On the other hand, Meyer (RMSE = 4.78) and WMO (RMSE = 4.73) models from mass transfer group were found to be the least accurate ETo estimation models, respectively. Finally, taking into account the significance of the FAO Penman-Monteith model in evapotranspiration calculations, comparing lysimetric data with the values estimated ​​by this model showed that the FAO-Penman-Monteith model ​​(RMSE = 5.83 and R2= 0.10) has the least accurate to estimate ETo in the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Evapotranspiration
  • Lysimeter
  • Validation
  • Reference plant
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