اثر هیومیک اسید و کود کامل ریزمغذی بر رشد و عملکرد اقتصادی ارقام گندم نان (Triticum aestivum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه کشاورزی، واحد خرم آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرم آباد، ایران

2 باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد خرم آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

     به منظور ارزیابی اثر هیومیک اسید و کود کامل ریزمغذی بر رشد و عملکرد اقتصادی ارقام مختلف گندم نان، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های­ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در منطقه بیران­شهر (استان لرستان) طی دو سال زراعی 96-1395 و 97-1396 اجرا شد. تغذیه در چهار سطح شاهد، هیومیک اسید، کود کامل 20K-20 P-20N و هیومیک اسید+ کود کامل 20-20-20 و ارقام گندم نان شامل میهن، سیوند و الوند بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تعداد سنبله در متر مربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت ارقام گندم تحت تأثیر  عوامل آزمایش قرار گرفتند. رقم الوند در تیمار مصرف توام هیومیک اسید و کود کامل ریز مغذی با 8296 کیلوگرم در هکتار بالاترین مقدار عملکرد دانه را بخود اختصاص داد. بیشترین تعداد سنبله در متر مربع مربوط به تیمار تغذیه با هیومیک اسید در رقم الوند با میانگین (625 سنبله در متر مربع) بود. بیشترین تعداد دانه در سنبله در تیمار تغذیه با هیومیک اسید به همراه کود کامل در رقم الوند با میانگین 2/45 بدست آمد. بیشترین وزن هزار دانه مربوط به تیمار تغذیه با هیومیک اسید+ کود کامل با میانگین (0/42 گرم) بود. برهمکنش هیومیک اسید به همراه کود کامل در رقم الوند بیشترین عملکرد بیولوژیک (19156 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را تولید نموده است. بیشترین شاخص برداشت در تیمار تغذیه کود کامل در رقم الوند با شاخص برداشت 6/43%  مشاهده شد و تغذیه گیاه با کود کامل دارای بیشترین شاخص کلروفیل برگ به میزان 47/44 بود. یافته­ها نشان داد که کاربرد هیومیک اسید به­عنوان یک اسید آلی طبیعی همراه با مصرف متعادل کودهای شیمیایی باعث افزایش کیفیت و کمیت محصولات کشاورزی و حفظ تعادل محیط زیست می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Humic Acid and Complete Micronutrient Fertilizer on Growth and Economic Yield of Different Bread Wheat Cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kazem Taleshi 1
  • Nooshin Osooli 1
  • Hadi Khavari 2
1 Department of Agronomy, Khorramabad branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
2 Young Researchers and Elite Club, khorramabad branch, Islamic Azad University, khorramabad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effect of humic acid and complete micronutrient fertilizer on growth and economic performance of different bread wheat cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted on the base of randomized complete block design with three replications in Biranshahr region (Lorestan province) during two years in 2015-16 and 2016-17. The main factors included nutrition at four levels (control, humic acid, complete fertilizer 20-20-20 and humic acid + complete fertilizer 20-20-20) and bread wheat cultivars as sub-factors included (Mihan, Sivand and Alvand). The results showed that the number of spikes per square meter, number of seeds per spike, 1000-seed weight, biological yield, and grain yield and harvest index of wheat cultivars were influenced by the studied factors. The highest economic yield (8296 kg/ha) was obtained in the treatment of humic acid application + complete micronutrient fertilizer in Alvand cultivar. The highest number of spikes per m2 was related to humic acid feeding treatment in Alvand cultivar with an average of 625 spikes per m2. The highest number of seeds per spike was obtained in the treatment with humic acid feeding along with complete fertilizer in Alvand cultivar with an average of 45.2. The highest 1000-seed weight was related to feeding with humic acid + complete fertilizer with an average of 42.0 g. Interaction of humic acid with complete fertilizer in Alvand cultivar has produced the highest biological yield (19156 kg/ha). The highest harvest index (43.6%) was observed in complete fertilizer feeding treatment in Alvand cultivar. Findings showed that the application of humic acid along with chemical fertilizers increases the quality and quantity of agricultural products and maintains the balance of the environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Productivity
  • Crop Management
  • Nutrition Management
  • complete Fertilizer
  • Humic

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