مقایسه روش‌های استوانه مضاعف و زمان ماندابی برای اندازه‌گیری نفوذ آب در خاک‌های مختلف تحت آبیاری بارانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 گروه مهندسی آب- دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 هیئت علمی -گروه خاکشناسی-دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

4 آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

روش­های استوانه­ مضاعف و زمان ماندابی، دو روش میدانی برای تعیین سرعت نفوذ در سیستم آبیاری بارانی هستند. ولی شرایط مرزی و ماهیت جریان روی سطح خاک، در سیستم آبیاری بارانی متفاوت با روش استوانه مضاعف است. هدف این پژوهش مقایسه ارتباط مقادیر اندازه­گیری­شده نفوذ با روش استوانه مضاعف و زمان ماندابی در خاک­های با بافت مختلف بود. فاکتور اول شامل دو روش زمان ماندابی و استوانه­های مضاعف و فاکتور دوم شامل پنج نوع (بافت) خاک در استان اصفهان بودند که در سه تکرار در قالب طرح آماری فاکتوریل بررسی شدند. براساس نتایج، میانگین مقادیر سرعت نفوذ و نفوذ نهایی با روش استوانه­ مضاعف به ترتیب 7/2 و 5 برابر میانگین مقادیر سرعت نفوذ و نفوذ نهایی با روش زمان ماندابی بود. اختلاف مقادیر نفوذ در مزارع با بافت درشت­تر (لوم­رسی­شنی) بیش­ از مزرعه با بافت لوم­رسی بود. بیشینه سرعت نفوذ نهایی در مزرعه با بافت خاک شن­لومی و کم­ترین میزان نفوذ نهایی در مزرعه با بافت خاک لوم­رسی مشاهده شد. با توجه به تفاوت سرعت نفوذ در دو روش پیشنهاد می‏شود برای طراحی سیستم‏های آبیاری بارانی از روش زمان ماندابی برای تعیین مقادیر سرعت نفوذ استفاده شود. در صورت استفاده از روش‏ استوانه­مضاعف، توصیه می­گردد مقادیر نفوذ پیش از کاربرد با معادله‏های توسعه­داده شده اصلاح و تعدیل شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing Double Ring and Ponding Time Methods for Measuring Water Infiltration in Different Soils under Sprinkler Irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arezu Ardeshiri 1
  • Mahdi Gheysari 2
  • Mohammad Reza Mosaddeghi 3
  • Mahshid Ghanbarian 4
1 Department of Water Engineering College of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan
2 Department of Water Engineering College of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan
3 Department of Soil Science,, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
4 Department of Water Engineering College of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan
چکیده [English]

Double Ring (DR) and Time of Ponding (TP) methods are two field methods for determining infiltration rate in the sprinkler irrigation system. However, the boundary conditions and the nature of the flow on the soil surface in the sprinkler irrigation system are different from the DR method. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the measured infiltration intensity values with the double ring and ponding time methods in different soil textures. The first factor consisted of two methods and the second factor consisted of five soil textures in Isfahan province and the experiments were performed in three replications in the form of a factorial statistical design. The results showed that the infiltration intensity values obtained from the DR method were on average 2.7 times higher than the values determined in the TP method and the final infiltration values of the DR method were 5 times higher than those of the TP method. The difference of infiltration values was higher in the fields with coarser texture (sandy clay loam) and less in the field with clay loam texture. The maximum final infiltration rate was observed in the field with loamy sand soil texture and the minimum final infiltration rate was observed in the field with clay loam soil texture. The results indicate the need to adjust and correct the final infiltration of DR method in the design of sprinkler irrigation systems. It is suggested to use TP method to determine the infiltration velocity values for designing sprinkler irrigation systems. If DR method is used, it is recommended that the infiltration values be modified with the given development equations before application.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Infiltration rate
  • Soil texture
  • Field measurement
  • Runoff

مراجع

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