بررسی اثر دو کلات زیست تخریب‌پذیر بر کارایی گیاه‌پالائی وتیور گراس در خاک‌های آلوده به مس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم خاک، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

4 استادیار پژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

چکیده

یکی از روش‌های پاک‌سازی خاک­های آلوده به عناصر سنگین استفاده از فن­آوری گیاه‌پالائی توسط کشت گیاهان مقاوم می­باشد. استفاده از نسل جدید کلات­های شیمیائی زیست­تخریب­پذیر علاوه بر افزایش کارائی گیاه­پالائی، از آلودگی محیط­زیست نیز جلوگیری می­کند. وتیورگراس گزینه مناسبی برای استفاده از نسل جدید کلات­کننده­ها می­باشد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف کلات‌های زیست­تخریب­پذیر اتیلن دی آمین دی سوکسینیک اسید (EDDS)  ومتیل گلایسین دی استیک اسید(MGDA)  در چهار سطح ( 0 و 1 و2 و 4 میلی­مول در کیلوگرم خاک) بر افزایش میزان فراهمی مس در سه سطح آلودگی (100 و 200 و 400 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک به انضمام شاهد) توسط وتیور گراس (Chyrsopogon zizanioides L.) انجام شد. میزان برداشت مس بوته در حضور تیمار 4 میلی­مول EDDS در طی مدت 120 روز در سطوح 100، 200 و 400 ppm آلودگی مس به ترتیب 8281، 10125 و 10423 g plant-1 µ بود که نسبت به تیمار شاهد (عدم استفاده از کلات) به ترتیب 51، 84 و 89 درصد افزایش داشت. میزان برداشت مس در تیمار 4 میلی­مول کلات MGDA نیز در سطوح آلودگی ذکر شده به ترتیب 5679، 7688 و 8831 g plant-1 µ بود که نسبت به تیمار شاهد (عدم استفاده از کلات) به ترتیب 19، 61 و 85 درصد افزایش داشتند. کاربرد کلات EDDS، سطح مس قابل استخراج با DTPA را افزایش داد. بیشترین مقدار مس قابل جذب در غلظت 4 میلی­مول کلات EDDS و MGDA و در سطح مس 400  ppmبه ترتیب 5/27 و 7/16 درصد بیشتر از شاهد (بدون کلات) بود. میانگین فاکتور تجمع زیستی در تیمار 4 میلی­مول کلات EDDS و MGDA به­ترتیب 51/0 و 37/0 و میانگین فاکتور انتقال 19/0 بود. جمع­بندی نتایج حاصل از این بررسی نشان داد گیاه وتیور، توانمندی خاصی در پالایش خاک­های آلوده به مس دارد و کلات EDDS با غلظت 4 میلی­مول بر کیلوگرم خاک سبب تشدید جذب مس در ریشه وتیور می­شود؛ در نتیجه وتیور می‌تواند به عنوان یک گونه مناسب برای تثبیت گیاهی مس در نظر گرفته شود که نه تنها باعث حفاظت خاک شده بلکه خطر آلودگی مس در زنجیره غذایی را نیز کاهش می­دهد و کلات EDDS به عنوان یک ترکیب زیست­تخریب­پذیر مناسب که بازده گیاه­پالائی وتیور در خاک­های آلوده به مس را افزایش داده، معرفی می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Two Biodegradable Chelates on Phytoremediation Potential of Vetiver (Chyrsopogon zizanioides) in Copper Contaminated Soils

نویسندگان [English]

  • mahdi Ahmadian 1
  • ahmad Golchin 2
  • Parisa Alamdari 3
  • Ghasem Assadian 4
1 Ph.D. Student of Soil Science, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan. Iran
3 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
4 Professor Researh, Hamedan agriculture and natural resources center, Areeo., Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the remediation methods for soil contaminated with heavy metals is to use hyperaccumolator plants which is known as phytoremediation. The use of a new generation of biodegradable chelate agents is increasing the efficiency of phytoremediation and preventing environmental pollution. Vetiver is a good option for using the new generation of chelators. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of biodegradable chelates EDDS and MGDA at four levels (0, 1, 2 and 4 mmol per kg of soil) on increasing copper extraction at three levels of copper pollution (100, 200 and 400 mg kg-1 of soil) which was carried out by Vetiver grass (Chyrsopogon zizanioides L.). The amount of copper uptake by vetiver in the presence of 4 mmol EDDS treatments at 100, 200 and 400 ppm levels of copper contamination were respectively 8281, 10125 and 10423 µg plant-1 after 120 days, which were 51, 84 and 89 percent more than the one in control treatment (absence of chelate). The amount of copper uptake in 4 mmol MGDA treatment at the aformentioed levels were 5679, 7688 and 8831 µg plant-1, respectively, which they were increased 19, 61 and 85 percent compared to the control treatment. Application of EDDS chelate increased the level of extractable copper with DTPA. The maximum amount of extractable copper at 4 mmol EDDS and MGDA and 400 ppm-copper treatment was 27.5 and 16.7% more than the one in control treatment, respectively. The mean values of bioconcentration factor (BCF) in 4 mmol of EDDS and MGDA were 0.51 and 0.37 respectively, and the mean value of translocation factor (TF) was 0.19. The results of this study showed that vetiver has a special ability to remediate copper-contaminated soils and 4 mmol EDDS per kg of soil treatment intensifies the uptake of copper in the roots. Consequently, vetiver grass could be considered as a candidate species for phytostabilization of Cu pollution, which not only protect the soil but also reduces the risk of food chain pollution and EDDS is introduced as a suitable biodegradable chelate that enhances phytorermediation of copper by vetiver.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Soil contamination"
  • "Phytoremediation"
  • "MGDA & EDDS" : "Chyrsopogon zizanioides"
  • "Copper"

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 3
خرداد 1400
صفحه 839-856

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