تجزیه زیستی نفت سفید توسط باکتری‌های بومی جداسازی شده از خاک مزارع سبزیجات آلوده به ترکیبات نفت سفید استان خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

2 مربی سابق گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

3 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، و مرکز تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی و علوم زیستی ،دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی امکان رشد باکتری­های بومی جداسازی شده از برخی نواحی خاک آلوده به نفت سفید واقع در استان خوزستان در تجزیه آلودگی‌های نفتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پس از مراحل غنی‌سازی، جداسازی و غربالگری اولیه، بر اساس توالی ژن کدکننده 16S rRNA، باکتری‌ها شناسایی شدند. توانایی باکتری­های بومی به عنوان باکتری­های استفاده کننده از هیدروکربن­ها در حضور مواد نفتی از قبیل نفت سفید و نفت خام با غلظت 1% در محیط کشت نمکی حداقل(MSM) جامد و مایع اندازه­گیری شد. آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح فاکتوریل با عامل­های نفت (سفید یا خام)، باکتری و زمان در سه تکرار با به‌کارگیری مایه تلقیح میکروبی (با جمعیت CFU/ml 108) در هر دو محیط کشت مایع و جامد انجام پذیرفت. بررسی توانایی تجزیه­کنندگی هیدروکربن­ها در محیط جامد و مایع بر­اساس کدورت­سنج انجام پذیرفت. در نتیجه این تحقیق پنج باکتری متعلق به جنس‌هایMicrobacterium phyllosphaerae (ZS1.9)،Bacillus megateriuns (ZS2.12)،Staphyloccoccus epidermidis (ZS3.170)، Streptomyces albogriseolus (ZS4.9) وBacillus subtilis (ZS5.210)  شناسایی گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین رشد توسط باکتری­ها در حضور ماده نفت سفید بود. در حالی که نفت خام کمترین رشد را داشت. از میان مواد نفتی استفاده شده بالاترین تجزیه مربوط به ماده نفت سفید بود. همچنین توانایی باکتری­ها در تجزیه مواد نفتی با گذشت مدت زمان انکوباسیون افزایش یافت. نتایج این آزمایش توانایی گونه­های مختلف باکتری در زیست پالایی محیط­های آلوده شده به هیدروکربن­های مختلف را نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Biodegradation of Kerosene by Native Bacteria Isolated from Vegetated and Kerosene Contaminated Fields' Soil in Khuzestan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • bijan khalili moghadam 1
  • Zahra Sorkheh 1
  • Ebrahim Osdaghi 2
  • hossein motamedi 3
1 Department of Soil Science,Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Department of Plant Protection,Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Department of Biology; Research center of Biotechnology and biological Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.
چکیده [English]

The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of growth of native bacteria isolated from some kerosene-contaminated soils in Khuzestan province for degradation of oil spills. After the primary stages of enrichment, isolation, and screening, bacteria were identified based on the gene sequences of 16S rRNA gene. The ability of native bacteria as the bacteria using hydrocarbons in the presence of oil products such as kerosene and crude oil at 1% concentration of solid and liquid minimum salt medium (MSM) was measured. A split-plot experiment with a factorial design was conducted with factors such as oil (kerosene and crude oil), bacteria, and time in three replicates, using the microbial inoculation inoculum (with a population of 108 CFU/ml) in both liquid and solid growth environments. The degradation ability of hydrocarbons in solid and liquid growth environments was investigated using colony diameter assessment and turbidity, respectively. In this research, five bacteria belonging to the genera of Microbacterium phyllosphaerae (ZS1.9), Bacillus megateriuns (ZS2.12), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ZS3.170), Streptomyces albogriseolus (ZS4.9), and Bacillus subtilis (ZS5. 210) were identified. The results revealed that the bacteria had the highest and lowest growth in the presence of kerosene and crude oil, respectively. Among the oil products used in this study, kerosene had the highest degradation rate. Furthermore, the ability of bacteria for degradation oil products increased by increasing incubation period. The findings of this study revealed the ability of different bacterial species in bioremediation of environmental pollution to various hydrocarbons.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • hydrocarbon
  • kerosene
  • bioremediation
  • vegetable
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