اثر بیوچار پوست بادام‌زمینی اصلاح شده با پرمنگنات پتاسیم بر حذف کادمیوم از محیط آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه زنجان

3 پژوهشگر پسادکتری گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

کادمیوم فلزی تخریب­ناپذیر و یکی از سمی‌ترین فلزات سنگین است که می‌تواند وارد اکوسیستم‌های آبزی شده، در زنجیره غذایی تجمع یابد و تهدیدی جدی برای موجودات آبزی و سلامت انسان باشد. در این پژوهش تأثیر پوست بادام‌زمینی (PN)، بیوچار اولیه (PBc) و بیوچار مهندسی‌شده با پرمنگنات پتاسیم (PPBc) در حذف کادمیوم از محیط‌های آبی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برخی ویژگی‌های جاذب‌ها نظیر pH، ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی، گروه‌های عاملی سطح، مقادیر کربن، نیتروژن، هیدروژن و سطح ویژه اندازه‌گیری شد. هم‌دماها (لانگمویر، فروندلیچ و تمکین) و مدل‌های سینتیکی جذب (شبه مرتبه اول، شبه مرتبه دوم و ایلوویچ) برای توصیف فرایند جذب مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد پس از اصلاح شیمیایی بیوچار pH، ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی و گروه‌های عاملی اکسیژن‌دار همانند COOH و Mn-O افزایش یافت. حداکثر ظرفیت جذب در زمان تعادل 120 دقیقه، مقدار جاذب 25/0 گرم و pH شش به دست آمد. هم‌دمای لانگمویر و مدل سینتیکی شبه مرتبه دوم بهترین برازش را بر داده‌های جذبی داشتند. مقدار RL برای جاذب‌ها در غلظت‌های 10 تا 60 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر کادمیوم بین 02/0 تا 37/0 متغیر بود که نشان‌دهنده مطلوب بودن هم‌دمای لانگمویر در فرایند جذب بود. نتایج جذب نشان داد که حداکثر ظرفیت جذب کادمیوم به‌دست‌آمده از مدل لانگمویر برای بیوچار مهندسی‌شده (24/28 میلی‌گرم بر گرم) بالاتر از بیوچار اولیه (40/13 میلی‌گرم بر گرم) است. پوست بادام‌زمینی تأثیر فراوانی بر جذب کادمیوم نشان نداد. این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که بیوچار مهندسی‌شده با پرمنگنات پتاسیم می‌تواند به‌عنوان جاذبی مؤثر، مقرون ‌به‌صرفه و سازگار با محیط ‌زیست در حذف آلودگی کادمیوم مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Modified Peanut Shell Biochar by Potassium Permanganate on Cd (II) Removal from Aqueous Media

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadiseh Shabani 1
  • Mohammad Amir Delavar 2
  • Saeid Taghavi Fardood 3
1 Department of soil science, Faculty of agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic and non-biodegradable heavy metals which can be emitted into the aquatic ecosystem, accumulated in the food chain and posing a serious threat to the aquatic organism and human health. In this study, the effect of peanut shell (PN), pristine biochar (PBc), and modified biochar by potassium permanganate (PPBc) on cadmium removal from aqueous media was examined. Some characteristics of absorbents such as pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), surface functional groups, and values of C, N, H and surface area were investigated. Adsorption isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin) and Kinetic models (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich) were used to explain the adsorption process. Results showed pH, cation exchange capacity and the oxygen containing functional groups such as COOH and Mn-O increased after the chemical treatment of biochar. Maximum sorption capacity obtained at the equilibrium time 120 min, adsorbent dosage of 0.25 g, and pH=6. Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model have the best fitness on cadmium biosorption data. The RL values for adsorbents were calculated to be 0.02 to 0.37 with initial concentration ranging from 10 to 60 mg/L, which indicated the Langmuir isotherm of Cd (II) was a favorable isotherm in the adsorption process. Results showed that the Langmuir maximum Cd adsorption capacities of the modified biochar (28.24 mg/g) is higher than the one in pristine biochar (13.40 mg/g). PN did not show a significant effect on the Cd sorption. This work shows that the modified biochar by potassium permanganate may be an effective, low-cost, and environmentally-friendly adsorbent to remediate Cd contamination in the environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Engineered biochar
  • Peanut shell
  • Potassium permanganate
  • Adsorption
  • Langmuir

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
اردیبهشت 1399
صفحه 503-512

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