Abdollahi, S. and Golchin, A. (2018). Biomass Production and Cadmium Accumulation and Translocation in Three Varieties of Cabbage. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 49(2), 243-259. (In Farsi).
Allen, H. E., Perdue, E. M. and Brown, D. (1993) Metals in Ground Water. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida.
Barbosa, B., Boléo, S., Sidella, S., Costa, J., Duarte, M. P., Mendes, B. and Fernando, A. L. (2015). Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils using the perennial energy crops Miscanthus spp. and Arundo donax L. BioEnergy Research, 8(4), 1500-1511.
Becerril, F., Calantzis, C., Turnau, K., Caussanel, J. P., Belimov, A. A., Gianinazzi, S. and Gianinazzi‐Pearson, V. (2002). Cadmium accumulation and buffering of cadmium‐induced stress by arbuscular mycorrhiza in three Pisum sativum L. genotypes. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53(371), 1177-1185.
Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical biochemistry, 72(1-2), 248-254.
Bradley, R., Burt, A. J., and Read, D. J. (1982). The biology of mycorrhiza in the Ericaceae. New Phytologist, 91(2), 197-209.
Cariny, T. (1995). The reuse of contaminated land. John Wiley and Sons Ltd. Publisher. 219p.
Cao, J., Feng, Y., Lin, X., Wang, J. and Xie, X. (2017). Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles deteriorate the mutual interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 17(3), 841-851.
Carter, M. R. and Gregorich, E. G. (2008) Soil sampling and methods of analysis (2nd ed). CRC Press. Boca Raton. FL. 1204p.
Chen, X., Wu, C., Tang, J. and Hu, S. (2005). Arbuscular mycorrhizae enhance metal lead uptake and growth of host plants under a sand culture experiment. Chemosphere, 60(5), 665-671.
Christie, P., Li, X., and Chen, B. (2004). Arbuscular mycorrhiza can depress translocation of zinc to shoots of host plants in soils moderately polluted with zinc. Plant and Soil, 261(1-2), 209-217.
Cottenie, A. (1980). Soil and plant testing as a basis of fertilizer recommendations (No. 38/2).
Dary, M., Chamber-Pérez, M. A., Palomares, A. J. and Pajuelo, E. (2010). “In situ” phytostabilisation of heavy metal polluted soils using Lupinus luteus inoculated with metal resistant plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 177(1-3), 323-330.
De Andrade, S. A. L., da Silveira, A. P. D., Jorge, R. A. and de Abreu, M. F. (2008). Cadmium accumulation in sunflower plants influenced by arbuscular mycorrhiza. International journal of Phytoremediation, 10(1), 1-13.
Dubois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. T. and Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical chemistry, 28(3), 350-356.
Ferrol, N., Tamayo, E., and Vargas, P. (2016). The heavy metal paradox in arbuscular mycorrhizas: from mechanisms to biotechnological applications. Journal of experimental botany, erw403.
Gaur, A., and Adholeya, A. (2004). Prospects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Current Science, 528-534.
Giovannetti, M. and B. Mosse. (1980). An evaluation of techniques for measuring vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal infection in roots. New Phytol, 84, 489-500.
Göhre, V. and Paszkowski, U. (2006). Contribution of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to heavy metal phytoremediation. Planta, 223(6), 1115-1122.
Gonzalez-Chavez, M. C., Carrillo-Gonzalez, R., Wright, S. F. and Nichols, K. A. (2004). The role of glomalin, a protein produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in sequestering potentially toxic elements. Environmental pollution, 130(3), 317-323.
Hallett, P. D., Feeney, D. S., Bengough, A. G., Rillig, M. C., Scrimgeour, C. M. and Young, I. M. (2009). Disentangling the impact of AM fungi versus roots on soil structure and water transport. Plant and Soil, 314(1-2), 183-196.
Hammer, E. C. and Rillig, M. C. (2011). The influence of different stresses on glomalin levels in an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus salinity increases glomalin content. PloS one, 6(12), e28426.
Hooker, J. E., Piatti, P., Cheshire, M. V. and Watson, C. A. (2007). Polysaccharides and monosaccharides in the hyphosphere of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus E3 and Glomus tenue. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39(2), 680-683.
Hu, J., Wu, F., Wu, S., Lam, C. L., Lin, X. and Wong, M. H. (2014). Biochar and Glomus caledonium influence Cd accumulation of upland kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) intercropped with Alfred stonecrop (Sedum alfredii Hance). Scientific reports, 4, 4671.
James, B., Rode, D., Loretta, U., Reynaldo, E. and Tariq, H. (2008). Effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) Fungi inoculation on coppicing ability and drought resistance of Sienna Spectabilis. Pak. J. Bot. 40(5), 2217-2224.
Joner, E. and Leyval, C. (2001). Time-course of heavy metal uptake in maize and clover as affected by root density and different mycorrhizal inoculation regimes. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 33(5), 351-357.
Kabata-Pendias, A. (2010). Trace elements in soils and plants. CRC press.
Kapoor, A. and Viraraghavan, T. (1995). Fungal biosorption—an alternative treatment option for heavy metal bearing wastewaters: a review. Bioresource technology, 53(3), 195-206.
Karimi, A. and Khodaverdiloo, H. (2014). Soil Biological Quality as Influenced by Lead (Pb) Contamination under Centaurea (Centaurea cyanus) Vegetation. Soil Management and Sustainable Production, 4(1), 127-143.
Karimi, A., Khodaverdiloo, H., Rasooli Sadaghiani, M., Khajavi, S. (2018). Changes of Microbial Indices of Inoculated Fungi and Bacteria at Hyoscyamus niger L. Rhizosphere at Different Levels of Soil Lead (Pb) Pollution. Iran Water and Soil Research, 49 (1), 59-69. (in Farsi).
Karimi, F., Sepehri, M., Afuni, M. and Hajabbasi, M. A. (2015). Effect of Endophytic Fungus, Piriformospora Indica, on Barley Resistance to Lead. JWSS-Isfahan University of Technology, 19(71), 311-321. (in Farsi).
Khade, S. W. and Adholeya, A. (2009). Arbuscular mycorrhizal association in plants growing on metal-contaminated and noncontaminated soils adjoining Kanpur tanneries, Uttar Pradesh, India. Water, air, and soil pollution, 202(1-4), 45-56.
Khan, A. G., Kuek, C., Chaudhry, T. M., Khoo, C. S. and Hayes, W. J. (2000). Role of plants, mycorrhizae and phytochelators in heavy metal contaminated land remediation. Chemosphere, 41(1-2), 197-207.
Khan, S., Hesham, A. E. L., Qiao, M., Rehman, S. and He, J. Z. (2010). Effects of Cd and Pb on soil microbial community structure and activities. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 17(2), 288-296.
Klironomos, J. N. (2003). Variation in plant response to native and exotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Ecology, 84(9), 2292-2301.
Lagriffoul, A., Mocquot, B., Mench, M. and Vangronsveld, J. (1998). Cadmium toxicity effects on growth, mineral and chlorophyll contents, and activities of stress related enzymes in young maize plants (Zea mays L.). Plant and soil, 200(2), 241-250.
Lasat, M. M. (2000). The use of plants for the removal of toxic metals from contaminated soils. US Environmental Protection Agency.
Li, Z. and Shuman, L. M. (1996). Extractability of zinc, cadmium, and nickel in soils amended with EDTA. Soil Science, 161(4), 226-232.
Liao, J. P., Lin, X. G., Cao, Z. H., Shi, Y. Q. and Wong, M. H. (2003). Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizae and heavy metals under sand culture experiment. Chemosphere, 50(6), 847-853.
Liu, L., Li, J., Yue, F., Yan, X., Wang, F., Bloszies, S. and Wang, Y. (2018). Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and biochar amendment on maize growth, cadmium uptake and soil cadmium speciation in Cd-contaminated soil. Chemosphere, 194, 495-503.
Lorenz, N., Hintemann, T., Kramarewa, T., Katayama, A., Yasuta, T., Marschner, P. and Kandeler, E. (2006). Response of microbial activity and microbial community composition in soils to long-term arsenic and cadmium exposure. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38(6), 1430-1437.
Matraszek, R., Hawrylak-Nowak, B., Chwil, S. and Chwil, M. (2016). Macroelemental composition of cadmium stressed lettuce plants grown under conditions of intensive sulphur nutrition. Journal of environmental management, 180, 24-34.
Mechri, B., Manga, A. G., Tekaya, M., Attia, F., Cheheb, H., Meriem, F. B. and Hammami, M. (2014). Changes in microbial communities and carbohydrate profiles induced by the mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus intraradices) in rhizosphere of olive trees (Olea europaea L.). Applied soil ecology, 75, 124-133.
Miransari, M. (2011). Hyperaccumulators, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and stress of heavy metals. Biotechnology Advances, 29(6), 645-653.
Nowack, B., Schulin, R. and Robinson, B. H. (2006). Critical assessment of chelant-enhanced metal phytoextraction. Journal of Environmental science and technology. 40(17): 5225-5232.
Ogar, A., Sobczyk, Ł. and Turnau, K. (2015). Effect of combined microbes on plant tolerance to Zn–Pb contaminations. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(23), 19142-19156.
Patra, M., Bhowmik, N., Bandopadhyay, B. and Sharma, A. (2004). Comparison of mercury, lead and arsenic with respect to genotoxic effects on plant systems and the development of genetic tolerance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 52(3), 199-223.
Phillips, J. M. and Hayman, D. S. (1970). Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British mycological Society, 55(1), 158-161.
Rasouli-Sadaghiani, M. H., Barin, M., Khodaverdiloo, H., Moghaddam, S. S., Damalas, C. A. and Kazemalilou, S. (2018). Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobacteria Promote Growth of Russian Knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.) in a Cd-Contaminated Soil. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 1-9.
Rillig, M. C., Mardatin, N. F., Leifheit, E. F. and Antunes, P. M. (2010). Mycelium of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increases soil water repellency and is sufficient to maintain water-stable soil aggregates. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42(7), 1189-1191.
Rillig, M. C. and Steinberg, P. D. (2002). Glomalin production by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus: a mechanism of habitat modification. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34(9), 1371-1374.
Rishcefid, M., Aliasgharzad, N. and Neyshabouri, M. (2017). Effects of Water Deficit Stress on Glomalin Secretion by Glomerales in Symbiosis with Zea mays Plant. JWSS-Isfahan University of Technology, 21(1), 229-238.
Roy, S., Bhattacharyya, P. and Ghosh, A. K. (2004). Influence of toxic metals on activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase enzymes in metal-contaminated landfill soils. Soil Research, 42(3), 339-344.
Shah, K., Mankad, A. U. and Reddy, M. N. (2017). Cadmium accumulation and its effects on growth and biochemical parameters in Tagetes erecta L. J Pharmacogn Phytochem, 6, 111-115.
Sharma, R. K. and Archana, G. (2016). Cadmium minimization in food crops by cadmium resistant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Applied soil ecology, 107, 66-78.
Shetty, K. G., Hetrick, B. A. D., Figge, D. A. H. and Schwab, A. P. (1994). Effects of mycorrhizae and other soil microbes on revegetation of heavy metal contaminated mine spoil. Environmental Pollution, 86(2), 181-188.
Song, H. (2005). Effects of VAM on host plant in the condition of drought stress and its mechanisms. Electronic Journal of Biology, 1(3), 44-48.
Wang, F., Yao, J., Si, Y., Chen, H., Russel, M., Chen, K. and Bramanti, E. (2010). Short-time effect of heavy metals upon microbial community activity. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 173(1-3), 510-516.
Wang, L., Ji, B., Hu, Y., Liu, R. and Sun, W. (2017). A review on in situ phytoremediation of mine tailings. Chemosphere, 184, 594-600.
Wright, S. F. and Upadhyaya, A. (1996). Extraction of an abundant and unusual protein from soil and comparison with hyphal protein of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil science, 161(9), 575-586.
Wu, Q. S., He, X. H., Zou, Y. N., He, K. P., Sun, Y. H. and Cao, M. Q. (2012). Spatial distribution of glomalin-related soil protein and its relationships with root mycorrhization, soil aggregates, carbohydrates, activity of protease and β-glucosidase in the rhizosphere of Citrus unshiu. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 45, 181-183.
Wu, Q. T., Xu, Z., Meng, Q., Gerard, E. and Morel, J. L. (2004). Characterization of cadmium desorption in soils and its relationship to plant uptake and cadmium leaching. Plant and soil, 258(1), 217-226.
Wu, Q. S., He, X. H., Zou, Y. N., He, K. P., Sun, Y. H. and Cao, M. Q. (2012). Spatial distribution of glomalin-related soil protein and its relationships with root mycorrhization, soil aggregates, carbohydrates, activity of protease and β-glucosidase in the rhizosphere of Citrus unshiu. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 45, 181-183.
Yang, Y., He, C., Huang, L., Ban, Y. and Tang, M. (2017). The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on glomalin-related soil protein distribution, aggregate stability and their relationships with soil properties at different soil depths in lead-zinc contaminated area. PloS one, 12(8), e0182264.
Zarea, M. J., Hajinia, S., Karimi, N., Goltapeh, E. M., Rejali, F. and Varma, A. (2012). Effect of Piriformospora indica and Azospirillum strains from saline or non-saline soil on mitigation of the effects of NaCl. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 45, 139-146.
Zhang, C., Nie, S., Liang, J., Zeng, G., Wu, H., Hua, S. and Xiang, H. (2016). Effects of heavy metals and soil physicochemical properties on wetland soil microbial biomass and bacterial community structure. Science of the Total Environment, 557, 785-790.
Zhang, F., Liu, M., Li, Y., Che, Y. and Xiao, Y. (2018). Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, biochar and cadmium on the yield and element uptake of Medicago sativa. Science of The Total Environment.
Zhang, J., Wang, L. H., Yang, J. C., Liu, H. and Dai, J. L. (2015). Health risk to residents and stimulation to inherent bacteria of various heavy metals in soil. Science of the Total Environment, 508, 29-36.
)