تغییرات میانمدت شاخصهای بیوژئوشیمیایی کیفیت خاک تحت شرایط زراعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران، کرج ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استادر، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ماشین های کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران کرج ایران

چکیده

در تحقیق حاضر، تغییرات میان­مدت کیفیت خاک در مقیاس مزرعه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. منطقه­ی مورد مطالعه، مزرعه­ی آموزشی و پژوهشی دانشگاه تهران به مساحت 260 هکتار واقع در کرج با رژیم رطوبتی-حرارتی خاک اریدیک-ترمیک می‌باشد. در این تحقیق تغییرات شاخص تجمعی کیفیت خاک در دو عمق (20-0 و 40-20 سانتی متری) در سال 1379 و سال 1396 مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. مجموعه حداقل داده­ها با استفاده از روش تجزیه مولفه‌های اصلی دو مرحله­ای تعیین و تعریف توابع امتیازدهی استاندارد و توابع عضویت فازی غیرخطی در نرم­افزار متلب انجام شد. برای وزن­دهی متغیرهای منتخب در تعیین شاخص تجمعی کیفیت خاک، از روش اشتراک واریانس مبتنی بر همبستگی استفاده شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که در بیشتر نقاط تطبیقی بین مطالعات دو مقطع زمانی، تغییرات میان­مدت شاخص کیفیت خاک در عمق­های اول و دوم خاک انطباق خوبی داشتند. در پروفیل­های شماره 1، 5، 11 تحقیق گذشته که 3/27% از نمونه­ها را شامل می­شود، و در پروفیل های شماره 1، 5، 7، 9 و 18 نمونه­برداری حاضر که 83/20% از نمونه­ها را شامل می­شود، شاخص کیفیت خاک در عمق اول کم­تر از عمق دوم تعیین گردید. تعیین کلاس کیفیت خاک در نمونه­های تحقیق حاضر و گذشته در دو عمق نشان­دهنده کاهش کیفیت کل خاک است. به نحوی که کیفیت خاک از کلاس­های III (45% اراضی) و  IV(54% اراضی)؛ به کلاس IV (75-73% اراضی) تنزل یافته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mid-term Variations of Biogeochemical Indicators of Soil Quality under Agronomic Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parisa Mohseni 1
  • Ali Keshavarzi 2
  • Ahmad Heidari 3
  • Elnaz Maleki-Ghelichi 4
1 Graduate MSc. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Graduate MSc. Student, Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the present study, mid-term variations in soil quality were studied on the farm scale. The studied area was a research-educational farm of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Campus of University of Tehran covers 260 hectares, with thermic soil temperature and aridic soil moisture regimes, respectively. In this study, the process of improving or destruction of the integrated soil quality index at two depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm) in years of 1379 and 1396 was compared. The minimum data set was determined using the method of two-phases PCA. Definition of standard scoring functions and non-linear fuzzy membership functions were performed through programming in the MATLAB software environment. Covariance-correlation method was used for weighing the selected variables in determining Soil Quality Integrated (SQI) index. The results of this study showed that in most of the adaptive areas of the soil, the incremental and decreasing pattern of the soil quality index in the first and second depths of the previous and present studies were consistent and in some places, this pattern was almost constant. In profiles No. 1, 5, 11 of the previous research which include 27.3% of the samples, and in profiles No. 1, 5, 7, 9 and 18 of the present study which include 20.83% of the samples, the soil quality index at the first depth was less than the one in the second depth. Classification of the soil quality classes for all samples in both years revealed a reduction in soil quality index. So that the soil quality reduced from grade III (45%) and IV (54%) to grade IV (73-75%).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • PCA
  • SQI
  • Standard scoring functions
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