تامین نیاز آبی گلخانه توسط آب شیرین تولیدی تقطیرگر خورشیدی به روش چگالشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران

چکیده

در این تحقیق، یک گلخانه متصل به یک دستگاه تقطیرگر خورشیدی برای نمک‌زدایی از آب شور و آبیاری گیاهان در دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز ساخته شد. بسترهای شن، شن‌-باگاس-‌‌پرلایت و باگاس-پرلایت به عنوان چگالنده هوای گرم و مرطوب مخزن تقطیرگر در گلخانه استفاده شدند. با اندازه‌گیری دمای هوا، درصد رطوبت نسبی و سرعت جریان هوا در مخزن تقطیرگر، دمای اطراف لوله‌ها و رطوبت در بسترها، تولید آب شیرین تقطیرگر به صورت روزانه محاسبه گردید. برای برآورد تبخیر‌-تعرق مرجع گلخانه از روش فائو پنمن مانتیث استفاده شد. هدف تحقیق حاضر محاسبه درصد تبخیرتعرق تامین شده به وسیله آب شیرین تولیدی به روش چگالشی در این گلخانه و انتخاب بستر چگالنده بهتر از لحاظ توزیع رطوبت و دما است. اندازه‌گیری‌های روزانه و دوره‌ای تولید آب شیرین برای هر بستر با تبخیر-تعرق روزانه و دوره‌ای گلخانه مقایسه شدند. میانگین تولید آب شیرین در یک مترمربع از تقطیرگر خورشیدی در ماه‌های اردیبهشت، خرداد، تیر و مرداد به‌ترتیب برابر 23/1، 97/1، 2 و 97/1 کیلوگرم در روز محاسبه شدند و به طور میانگین 75/1 کیلوگرم در روز به‌دست آمد. مقدار میانگین تبخیر-تعرق گلخانه در محل مورد مطالعه 08/4 میلی‌متر در روز برآورد شد. آب تولیدی در بسترهای شن، شن‌-باگاس-پرلایت و باگاس-پرلایت به‌ترتیب 94/0، 79/0 و 82/0 برابر تبخیر-تعرق درون گلخانه محاسبه شدند. به‌دلیل پایین‌تر بودن دمای بستر شن و تولید آب بیشتر، بستر شن چگالنده بهتری نسبت به دو بستر دیگر است. مقدار تبخیر-تعرق از تاریخ اول اردیبهشت تا هفتم مرداد 1397، 2/408 میلی‌متر به‌دست آمد که 85% آن توسط تقطیرگر با تولید 5/2799 کیلوگرم برای مساحت 1/8 مترمربع بستر (بدون در نظرگرفتن نوع آن) تامین گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Supply of Greenhouse Water Requirement from Solar Distiller Freshwater Production Using Condensation Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Ghassemi
  • Saeed BoroomandNasab
  • Abdolrahim Hooshmand
irrigation and drainage department, water science engineering faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwatukee, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research, a greenhouse connected to a solar distiller device was constructed for the desalination of saline water and irrigation at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Sand, sand-bagasse-perlite, and bagasse-perlite beds were used in the greenhouse as a condenser of hot and humid air of the distiller tank. By measuring air temperature, relative humidity, air flow velocity in the distiller tank, temperature around the pipes and moisture in the beds, daily production of freshwater from the distiller was calculated. The FAO Penman-Montieth method was used to estimate greenhouse reference evapotranspiration. The purpose of this research was to estimate the percentage of supplied evapotranspiration in the greenhouse by produced freshwater from the condensation method and to select the proper condenser bed in terms of moisture and temperature distribution. Daily and periodic measurements of freshwater produced by each bed were compared to daily and periodic evapotranspiration of the greenhouse. The average amount of freshwater produced per square meter by the solar distiller was calculated to be 1.23, 1.97, 2, and 1.97 kg/day in May, June, July, and August, respectively, with the average of 1.75 kg/day during the whole period. The average evapotranspiration amount in the greenhouse was estimated to be 4.08 millimeter per day. Production water in sand, sand-bagasse-perlite and bagasse-perlite beds was calculated to be 0.94, 0.79, and 0.82 times of the evapotranspiration rate within the greenhouse, respectively. Due to the lower temperature of the sand bed and the higher production of water, the sand bed is a better condenser than the other two beds. Evapotranspiration from April 21 to July 29, 2018, was estimated to be 408.2 millimeters, which %85 of it was supplied by a distiller with a production of 2799.5 kilograms for an area of 8.1 square meters of bed (without considering its type).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Condenser
  • FAO Penman-Monteith method
  • Production of freshwater
  • Reference Evapotranspiration
  • Solar distiller
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