اثر شوری آب آبیاری بر عملکرد و صفات زراعی سه هیبرید ذرت (Zea mays L.) با استفاده از آبیاری قطره‌ای نواری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی،دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. ، کرج، دانشگاه تهران،کرج، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از آب­های نامتعارف از جمله آب­های شور برای آبیاری، با توجه به افزایش روز افزون تقاضای آب در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک امری اجتناب ناپذیر است. به منظور بررسی اثر تنش شوری بر رشد و عملکرد سه هیبرید ذرت در شرایط استفاده از آبیاری قطره­ای نواری، آزمایشی در سال 1396 به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک کاملاً تصادفی انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه هیبرید ذرت (سینگل کراس 704، سینگل کراس 400 و سینگل کراس 260) و سه سطح شوری آب آبیاری 7/0، 3 و 5 دسی­زیمنس بر متر بودند. برای اطمینان از جوانه­زنی بذرها، تمامی تیمارها از مرحله جوانه­زنی تا ارتفاع 40 سانتی­متری ذرت با آب شیرین آبیاری شده و سپس تنش شوری اعمال شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس و مقایسه میانگین صفات اندازه­گیری شده (وزن تر علوفه تولیدی، وزن خشک، عملکرد دانه، وزن هزار دانه، شاخص سطح برگ و ارتفاع گیاه) نشان داد که این صفات تحت تأثیر سطوح مختلف شوری اختلاف معنی­داری را داشتند، به طوری که بالاترین مقدار هر یک از این صفات در تیمار شاهد و پایین‌ترین مقدار آن در تیمار حداکثر شوری مشاهده شد. همچنین نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس داده­ها نشان­دهنده اثر معنی­دار هیبرید بر روی اکثر صفات اندازه­گیری شده بود، به طوری که بیشترین مقدار مربوط به رقم سینگل کراس 704 بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Irrigation Water Salinity on Yield and Agronomic Charactristics of Three Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Using Drip-Tape Irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Khoshsima 1
  • Hamideh Noory 2
1 MSc Student, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Eng., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The application of marginal water, such as saline water for irrigation, is inevitable due to increasing demand for water in arid and semi-arid regions. In order to study the effect of salinity stress on growth and yield of three fodder maize hybrids using drip-tape irrigation, a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design was carried out in 2017. The treatments consisted of three maize hybrids (SC 704, SC 400 and SC 260) and three levels of water salinity (0.7, 3 and 5 dS/m). To ensure seed germination, all treatments were irrigated with fresh water from germination stage to 40 cm height of corn and then salinity stress was applied. The results of variance analysis and comparison of mean measured charactristics (fresh and dry weight of forage, grain yield, 1000-grain weight, leaf area index and plant height) showed that there were significant differences among charactristics under different levels of water salinity. The most and the least amount of each charactristic were observed in the control and maximum salinity stress treatments, respectively. The result of this study showed a significant effect of maize hybrid type on most of the measured charactristics, as the most amounts was found in SC 704.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drip Irrigation
  • Water Productivity
  • Water salinity
  • yield
  • Maize hybrids

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 50، شماره 8
دی 1398
صفحه 2037-2049

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