اثر استفاده از نفت سفید به عنوان علف کش بر رشد و شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی و غلظت فلزات سنگین در جعفری، هویج و گشنیز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناس ارشد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

3 استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

از نفت سفید به عنوان علف کش در برخی از مناطق استان خوزستان استفاده می­شود. به منظور ارزیابی اثر نفت سفید بر شاخص­های رشد و فیزیولوژیکی سه نوع سبزی، آزمایشی گلدانی در یک خاک آلوده به نفت سفید به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با تیمارهای نوع سبزی (جعفری، هویج و گشنیز) و نفت سفید (در شش سطح با غلظت های 0، 2، 4، 6، 8 و 10 میلی‏لیتر  بر کیلوگرم خاک) در سه تکرار انجام گردید. همچنین، جذب عناصر سنگین بوسیله این سبزیجات نیز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار عملکرد وزن تر و خشک، کلروفیل سبزیجات با افزایش میزان نفت سفید کاهش می­یابد. مقادیر پرولین و آنتوسیانین نیز با افزایش نفت سفید کاهش یافت (باستثنای هویج که این مقادیر افزایش یافت). همچنین با افزایش غلظت نفت سفید، غلظت عناصر روی، مس، سرب و کادمیوم در ریشه و اندام هوایی هر سه نوع سبزی به طور معنی داری افزایش یافته است، به طوری که افزودن 10 میلی لیتر نفت سفید در هر کیلوگرم خاک، به طور میانگین باعث افزایش غلظت کادمیوم، مس و سرب در ریشه (10، 68، 5/6) و اندام هوایی (4، 88، 5/2) گیاه جعفری، در ریشه (9، 65، 7/5)  و اندام هوایی (3/3، 83، 2) گیاه گشنیز، در ریشه (9، 45، 5) و اندام هوایی (2/4، 80، 58/1 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) گیاه هویج گردید. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می­دهد که در هر سه نوع سبزی میزان فلزات سنگین از مقادیر حد مجاز استاندارد جهانی بیشتر است. بنابراین، اگر این سبزیجات در مقادیر زیاد مصرف شوند، ممکن است برای مصرف کنندگان آن خطرناک باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Kerosene Application as Herbicide on Heavy Metal Uptake, Growth and Physiological Indices of Parsley, Coriander and Carrot

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Khodavisi 1
  • bijan khalili moghadam 2
  • habiballah Nadian 3
  • mohsen soleimani 4
1 Graduated MSc. Student, Department of Soil Science, Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
3 ProfessorDepartment of Soil Science, Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources Faculty, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Kerosene has been utilized as an herbicide in some parts of Khuzestan province, Iran. In the present study, a pot factorial experiment on the basis of a completely randomized design with three replicates was conducted to investigate the effects of kerosene (at six levels including; 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ml per kg of soil) on growth and physiological indices of three vegetables (parsley, coriander and carrot) grown in a kerosene-contaminated soil. Furthermore, the accumulation of heavy metals in the vegetables was investigated. Results showed that the biomass and chlorophyll content of the vegetables decreased as kerosene concentration increased. The amounts of prolin and anthocyanin also decreased at high kerosene concentration (with the exception of carrot in which they increased). The amounts of Cd, pb, Zn, and Cu in the root and shoot of vegetables increased significantly by increasing the amount of kerosene in soil. As by increasing 10 ml of kerosene to each kg of soil, the average concentration of Cd, Cu and pb increased in the root (10, 68, 6.5 ppm) and shoot (4, 88, 2.5 ppm) of parsley; root (9, 65, 5.7 ppm) and shoot (3.3, 83, 2 ppm) of coriander, and root (9, 45, 5 ppm) and shoot (4.2, 80, 1.58 ppm) of carrot. Finally, this research indicated that the average concentration of heavy metals in the three vegetables was higher than the world standard level. Hence, high consumption of these vegetables could be dangerous for consumers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • kerosene
  • Heavy metals
  • Weeds
  • Vegetables
  • Dezful

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 50، شماره 2
خرداد و تیر 1398
صفحه 389-399

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