ارزیابی خصوصیات کیفی خاک آهکی تیمار شده با بیوچار و کمپوست در حضور باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 علوم ومهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، ارومیه ،ایران

2 استاد گروه علــوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 استادیار گروه علــوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

این تحقیق با هدف ارزیابی تأثیر کمپوست و بیوچار حاصل از بقایای هرس درختان میوه در حضور باکتری­های ریزوسفری محرک رشد (PGPR) بر برخی شاخص­های بیولوژیکی خاک آهکی در قالب آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل با طرح کاملاً تصادفی در شرایط گلخانه­ای در رایزوباکس اجرا شد. فاکتورها شامل منابع آلی (بیوچار، کمپوست و شاهد)، تلقیح میکروبی (باکتری­هایPGPR  و عدم تلقیح) و خاک (خاک ریزوسفر و غیرریزوسفر) بودند. در پایان دوره رشد گیاه، کربن آلی، کربن زیست‌توده میکروبی، فسفر زیست‌توده میکروبی، تنفس پایه، تنفس برانگیخته با سوبسترا و آنزیم­­های فسفاتاز در خاک­های ریزوسفری و غیرریزوسفری تعیین گردید. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد هم‌زمان مواد آلی به همراه تلقیح باکتری­های PGPR باعث افزایش معنی­دار شاخص­های بیولوژیک در خاک نسبت به تیمار بدون تلقیح و مواد آلی شد. همچنین تیمار کمپوست کربن زیست‌توده میکروبی، فسفر زیست‌توده میکروبی و فعالیت آنزیم­ فسفاتاز قلیا و اسیدی را به ترتیب 02/1، 14/1، 16/1 و 10/1 برابر در خاک ریزوسفر نسبت به غیرریزوسفر افزایش داد. در حالی­که کمترین نسبت کربن به فسفر زیست‌توده میکروبی را کمپوست در خاک ریزوسفری به خود اختصاص داد. تنفس پایه و تنفس برانگیخته با سوبسترا در خاک ریزوسفری کمپوست به ترتیب  04/1 و 21/1 برابر بیشتر از مقادیر آن‌ها در خاک غیرریزوسفر بود. به‌طور کلی کاربرد مواد آلی در شرایط تلقیح میکروبی نسبت به شرایط بدون تلقیح میکروبی منجر به بهبود خواص بیولوژیکی خاک می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the qualitative characteristics of the treated calcareous soils with compost and biochar in the presence of plant growth promoting bacteria

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghayeh Vahedi 1
  • MirHassan Rasouli-Sadaghiani 2
  • Mohsen Barin 3
1 Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Professors, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
3 Assistance Prof. of Soil Science, Dept. of Soil Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of compost and biochar from trees pruning residues in the presence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on some biological properties of calcareous soil. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design under greenhouse condition in rhizobox. The factors included organic matter (biochar, compost and control), microbial inoculation (PGPR bacteria and no microbial inoculation as a control) and soil (rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil). The organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass phosphorus, microbial respiration, substrate-induced respiration and phosphatase enzymes in the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils were determined at the end of growth period. The results showed that the simultaneous application of organic matter and microbial inoculation increased soil biological indices significantly as compared to control treatment. Furthermore, the compost treatment increased the microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass phosphorus, alkaline and acid phosphatase enzyme activity in the rhizospheric soil by 1.02, 1.14, 1.16 and 1.10 times, as compared to the ones in non-rhizospheric soil, respectively. However, the lowest fraction of microbial biomass carbon to microbial biomass phosphorus was observed in rhizospheric soil of compost treatment. Microbial respiration and substrate-induced respiration in the compust rhizospheric soil were measured to be 1.04 and 1.21 times higher than the ones in the non-rhizospheric soil, respectively. In general, application of organic matter in the conditions of microbial inoculation compared with non-microbial inoculation lead to improve soil biological properties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil biological indices
  • Pruning waste
  • Rhizospher
  • Rhizobox
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