اثر کاربرد بیوچار ضایعات مختلف پسته بر برخی ویژگی‌های حاصلخیزی یک خاک لومی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاکدانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان ایران

2 استاد بخش علوم خاک دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

3 دانش یار،گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثرات مفید کوتاه‌مدت کاربرد بیوچار ضایعات مختلف پسته بر بهبود برخی ویژگی‌های شیمیایی و حاصلخیزی یک خاک لومی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بنابراین، اثرات دو فاکتور 1) نوع بهسازهای به کار برده شده در خاک شامل، بیوچارهای تهیه‌شده از تفاله نرم پسته، پوست سخت پسته و چوب درختان پسته 20 ساله در دمای 600 درجه سلسیوس (به میزان 5% وزنی) و 2) زمان خوابانیدن بهسازها در خاک (زمان‌های 1، 2، 3، 4، 5 ماه) بر پ­هاش، قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی، پتاسیم محلول، نیترات و قابلیت دسترسی آهن، مس، منگنز و روی خاک مورد بررسی و تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. پژوهش حاضر به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام گرفت. نتایج بدست آمده از این تحقیق نشان داد که کاربرد مواد بهساز و زمان‌های مختلف خوابانیدن، اثر معنی‌داری بر میزان پ-هاش خاک ندارد. ولی در نمونه خاک‌های تیمار شده با هر سه بیوچار در هر 5 زمان، افزایش معنی‌داری از میزان قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی و کربن آلی نسبت به تیمار شاهد مشاهده شد. با افزایش بیوچار و زمان خوابانیدن، میزان پتاسیم محلول خاک افزایش معنی‌داری نشان داد، به نحوی که تمام تیمارها افزایش تقریباً دو برابری نسبت به تیمار شاهد داشته­اند. افزودن بیوچار به خاک موجب نگهداشت نیترات و کاهش معنی‌دار نیترات در محلول خاک نسبت به نمونه شاهد شد. کاربرد بیوچارها سبب افزایش معنی‌دار آهن و افزایش نا­منظم از سه عنصر روی، مس و منگنز شده بود که با گذشت زمان به دلیل کاهش تجزیه بیوچار و تبدیل شکل‌های آنها به شکل‌های با قابلیت دسترسی کمتر، از میزان قابل‌دسترس این عناصر در خاک کاسته شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Different Pistachio Wastes Biochar Application on Some Fertility Properties of a Loam Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • ABOLFAZL KHADEMI JOLGENEJAD 1
  • majid fekri 2
  • majid mahmoodabadi 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Soil Science, Agriculture Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Agriculture Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Agriculture Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research, the short-term beneficial effect of using different pistachio wastes biochars on improving some fertility properties of a loam soil was investigated. Therefore, the effects of two factors 1) types of amendments added to the soil, including biochars of pistachio mildew (PM), pistachio hard skin (PHS) and wood of 20-year pistachio trees (W) papered at 600o C (with amount of %5 by wt), and 2) time of incubation (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 months), were investigated on pH, electrical conductivity, soluble potassium, nitrate and availability of iron, copper, manganese and zinc. This experiment was performed as factorial based on the completely randomized design with three replicates. The results of this study showed that the application of biochars and different incubation times does not have a significant effect on soil pH. But, the threated soils at all incubation times showed a significant increase in electrical conductivity and organic carbon as compared to the control treatment. Addition of biochars and incubation time increased significantly potassium content of the soil solution, so that the treated soils had an increase of approximately two times solution potassium as compared to the control. Application of biochars to the soil caused an increase in nitrate retention and a decrease in nitrate solution as compared to the control sample. Biochars application led to a significant increase in iron content and irregular increase in zinc, copper and manganese. The availability of these elements in the soil decreased by time due to reduction of biochar decomposition and transformation of those elements from available into less available forms.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biochar
  • Pistachio wastes
  • loam soil
  • Soil fertility
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