تلفیق روش GIUH و مدل‌های اصلاح‌شده SCS-CN پارامتر متغیر در برآورد رواناب روزانه حوضه آبریز (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبریز کشکان، استان لرستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکترای ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در سال­های اخیر مدل هیدروگراف واحد لحظه­ای ژئومورفولوژی (GIUH) به منظور تخمین پاسخ حوضه آبریز به بارش مازاد مقبولیت گسترده­ای کسب کرده است. این مدل بر اساس انتگرال پیچشی حاصلضرب بارش مؤثر در مؤلفه‌های هیدروگراف واحد لحظه­ای (IUH) استوار است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از خصوصیات مورفومتری حوضه آبریز کشکان، شبیه­سازی بارش-رواناب در مقیاس روزانه توسط مدل تلفیقی GIUH و چهار روش­ شماره منحنی اصلاح‌شده (SCS-CN)، مقادیر بارش مؤثر برآورد شده است. در مدل­های SCS-CN، تأثیر تغییرات زمانی پارامترهای شماره منحنی (CN) و نسبت تلفات اولیه (λ) بصورت تابعی از عمق بارش (P) نیز بررسی شده است. نتایج حاصل از مدل تلفیقی GIUH و مدل­های SCS-CN اصلاح‌شده در شبیه­سازی رواناب روزانه حوضه برای سه دوره نرمال، ترسالی و خشکسالی، در دو حالت پارامتر متغیر و پارامتر ثابت، با استفاده از معیارهای درصد خطای مربوط به پیش­بینی دبی اوج (%)، زمان رسیدن به دبی اوج () و درصد خطای حجم رواناب (%) ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که در نظر گرفتن تغییرات پارامترهای CN و λ متناسب با عمق بارش در مدل SCS-CN، کارآیی بالاتری نسبت به فرم اصلی مدل (با فرض=0.2 λ) و همچنین در مقایسه با فرض ثابت بودن پارامترها دارد (در بهترین حالت . نتایج این تحقیق لزوم استفاده از مدل­های اصلاح‌شده SCS-CN و همچنین در نظر گرفتن تغییرات زمانی پارامترهای روش SCS-CN ( و ) در محاسبه بارش مؤثر حوضه­های آبریز بخصوص مواردی که دستخوش تغییرات شدید کاربری اراضی و دخالت­های انسانی می­باشند، به عنوان ورودی مدل­های بارش-رواناب را نشان می­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Integrating GIUH and Verified Variable-Parameter SCS-CN models for Estimation of daily Runoff of Watershed (Case Study: Kashkan Watershed, Lorestan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seiyed Mossa Hosseini 1
  • Mojtaba Yamani 2
  • Mansour Jaffar-Beiglou 1
  • Fatemeh Geravand 3
1 Associate Professor, Physical Geography Department, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Physical Geography Department, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Ph.D Student of Geomorphology, Physical Geography Department, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Recently, the Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) model has been widely employed for estimation of watershed response to rainfall. This model is based on the convolution integral of the effective rainfall by the ordinates of IUH product. In this study, the effective rainfall has been estimated using morphometric characteristics of Kashkan watershed, simulation of daily rainfall-runoff by GIUH model and four modified Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) models. The effect of temporal variations of and initial abstraction ratio () have been also investigated as a function of rainfall depth (P) in the SCS-CN models. The results of the proposed integrated models (GIUH and the modified SCS-CN models) were investigated using the percentages of errors correspond to; peak flow estimation (%), arrival time to the peak flow () and the runoff volume (%) for three periods of drought, normal, and wet for the fixed- and varied-parameter conditions. The results showed that the variations of CN and λ parameters proportion to the rainfall depth in SCS-CN model are more effective than the fixed-parametes of the SCS-CN model,  . Additionally, the odified forms of SCS-CN models are more efficient that original form (i.e. keeping constant of  equal to 0.2). The results of this study indicates the necessity of employing the modified forms of SCS-CN model and considering the temporal variations of CN and λ parameters for calculation of effective rainfall as an input parameter of rainfall-runoff models, especially in watersheds undergoing human impacts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Kashkan Watershed
  • Rainfall-Runoff Modeling
  • Morphometric Characteristics
  • GIUH Theory
  • SCS-CN Model
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