بررسی توانایی جذب و انتقال سرب در سه رقم کلم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه زنجان

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی توانایی جذب و انتقال سرب در سه رقم کلم یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در شرایط گلخانه به اجرا درآمد. تیمارها شامل شش سطح آلودگی خاک به سرب (صفر، 50، 100، 150، 300 و 400 میلی‌گرم سرب بر کیلوگرم خاک از منبع نیترات سرب ([Pb(NO3)2] و سه رقم کلم (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L., Brassica oleracea var. italica L. & Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) بودند که در سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد که تیمارها اثر معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد (P<0.01) بر عملکرد تر و خشک، سطح برگ و شاخص کلروفیل برگ هر سه رقم کلم داشتند. با افزایش غلظت سرب خاک، انباشت سرب در ریشه، ساقه و سر کلم در رقم‌های مختلف به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. در کلم زینتی و کلم بروکلی انباشت سرب در ریشه>ساقه>سر کلم بود در حالی‌که در کلم برگ انباشت در سر کلم>ساقه>ریشه بود. بیش‌ترین مقدار سرب جذب شده متعلق به کلم برگ (64/2 میلی‌گرم در گلدان) بود و کلم بروکلی (85/1 میلی‌گرم در گلدان) و کلم زینتی (86/0 میلی‌گرم در گلدان) به ترتیب در مقام‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. فاکتور انتقال برای رقم‌های کلم زینتی و کلم بروکلی کم‌تر از یک و برای رقم کلم برگ بیش‌تر از یک بود اما فاکتور تجمع زیستی برای هر سه رقم کلم (زینتی، بروکلی و برگ) کم‌تر از یک بود. بر اساس استاندارد (FAO/WHO) مشاهده ‌شد که کم‌ترین و بیش‌ترین غلظت سرب در هر سه رقم مورد مطالعه بیش‌تر از مقدار مجاز آن است. لذا با در نظر گرفتن این موضوع برای کاهش احتمال انتقال سرب به زنجیره غذایی لازم است در صورت کشت ارقام کلم بروکلی و کلم برگ در زمین‌های آلوده به فلزات سنگین قبل از عرضه این محصولات به بازار، غلظت این فلزات در بخش خوراکی آن‌ها اندازه‌گیری شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluate Ability of Uptake and Translocation of Lead in Three Varieties of Cabbage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samaneh Abdollahi 1
  • Ahmad Golchin 2
1 The university of Zanjan
2 University of Zanjan
چکیده [English]

To evaluate biomass production and lead (Pb) uptake and translocation in three varieties of cabbage a factorial pot experiment with completely randomized design and three replications was performed in the greenhouse conditions. The experimental treatments consisted of six levels of soil contamination to Pb (0, 50, 100, 150, 300 and 400 mg/kg soil using lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2] as Pb source) and three varieties of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L., Brassica oleracea var. italica L. & Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) which were examined in triplicate. The Analysis of variance of the data showed that the treatments had significant effects (P<0.01) on fresh and dry weights of biomass, leaf surface area and the leaf chlorophyll index of all varieties of cabbage. With the increase in the levels of soil Pb, the accumulation of Pb in root, stem and leaf of the cabbage cultivars increased significantly. In ornamental and broccoli cabbage cultivars, the Pb concentration of root was more than that of aerial parts, but in leaf cabbage, the Pb concentration of aerial parts was more than that of the root. The highest Pb uptake was belonged to the cabbage (2.64 mg per plot) and the broccoli cabbage and the ornamental cabbage were in second and third places respectively. The translocation factor for the ornamental and broccoli cabbage cultivars was less than one, but for the leaf cabbage was more than one. The bioconcentration factor for all varieties of cabbage was less than one. According to the standard (FAO/WHO) was observed that the lowest and the highest concentration of Pb in all three varieties was more than allowed critical. Therefore, is necessary in case of the cultivation in areas contaminated with heavy metals, be measured the concentration of metals in the food part they before supply these products to market.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Brassica
  • Translocation factor
  • Bioconcentration Factor
  • Phytoremediation
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