تأثیر نانو آهن صفر ظرفیتی در کاهش مقدار قابل‌جذب برخی عناصر سنگین در سه خاک با خصوصیات متفاوت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

هیات علمی/دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

آلودگی خاک­ها با فلزات سنگین یکی از مشکلات زیست‌محیطی جدی جوامع بشری است. این تحقیق به‌منظور ارزیابی تأثیر نانوذرات آهن صفر ظرفیتی پایدار شده با کربوکسی متیل سلولز (CMC-ZVINs) سنتز شده در شرایط هوازی بر قابلیت جذب سرب، کادمیوم، نیکل و مس در یک خاک اسیدی و دو خاک آهکی با خصوصیات مختلف (رسی و شنی) انجام شد. بدین منظور، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی برای بررسی امکان کاهش مقدار قابل‌جذب عناصر سرب، کادمیوم، نیکل و مس با در نظر گرفتن فاکتورهای خاک (شنی-آهکی، اسیدی و رسی- آهکی)، غلظت کاربرد CMC-ZVINs (سطوح 0، 5/0، 1 و 2 درصد وزنی) در دو دوره زمانی 10 و 20 روز با سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج تصاویر SEM و XRD نشان داد که ذرات آهن پایدار شده با کربوکسی متیل سلولز در اندازه نانو (کمتر از 50 نانومتر) و صفر ظرفیتی (حداکثر پیک در2θ  برابر 8/44 درجه) هستند. در هر سه خاک شنی-آهکی، اسیدی و رسی-آهکی آلوده، کاربرد CMC-ZVINs مقدار قابل‌جذب عناصر سنگین را کاهش داد. بیشترین میزان کاهش غلظت قابل‌جذب عناصر در حداکثر میزان کاربرد CMC-ZVINs (2 درصد وزنی) و در خاک رسی-آهکی و همچنین در برای عنصر سرب مشاهده شد. همچنین کاهش فرم قابل‌جذب عناصر پس از 20 روز از کاربرد CMC-ZVINs، بیشتر از 10 روز بود که نشان از پایداری و فعال بودن حداقل 20 روزه­ی CMC-ZVINs ساخته‌شده را دارد؛ بنابراین، استفاده از نانو ذرات آهن صفر ظرفیتی ساخته‌شده، می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک روش کارآمد در رفع آلودگی خاک­های آلوده به فلزات سرب، کادمیوم، نیکل و مس معرفی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of zero valent iron nanoparticles on reduction of heavy metal contamination in calcareous, acidic and sandy soils

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mostafa Emadi
  • Mohammad Ali Bahmanyar
Academic member/ Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Contamination of soils with heavy metals is one of the great environmental concerns for the human beings. The application of zero valent irons nanoparticles (ZVINs) as an amendment for environmental pollutions has been highly considered by researchers in last decade. This study was conducted to synthesis and characterize the ZVINs stabilized with carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC-ZVINs) in aerobic conditions and to assess their ability for reduction of DTPA extractable lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) from three polluted soils including sandy-calcareous, acidic and clay-calcareous soils. An experiment of randomized completely design with a factorial arrangement of treatments consisting nano zero valent iron dosages (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 w/w %), soils (sandy-calcareous, acidic and clay-calcareous soils) at two time (10 and 20 days) with three replication were studied. The results of the SEM and XRD analyses indicated that the CMC-ZVINs had the mean size of less than 50 nm and the maximum 2θ peak at 44.8° confirming the nano sized and zero valent status of particles, respectively. Results also indicated that the DTPA extractable Pb, Cd, Ni and Cu in three polluted soils decreased with increasing of zero valent iron nanoparticles dosages. The percentage of available Pb reduction was higher in comparison with other heavy metals. The aging of nanoparticles from 10 to 20 days led to more significant reduction of DTPA extractable heavy metals. Overalls, the synthesized CMC-ZVINs can potentially be introduced as a good remediation approach for Pb, Cd, Ni and Cu contaminated soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil Pollution
  • Stabilized zero valent iron nanoparticles
  • Carboxyl methyl cellulose
  • Heavy metals

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 48، شماره 4
آذر و دی
آذر 1396
صفحه 799-809

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