ارزیابی راندمان انتقال و تلفات آب در کانال‌های انتقال آب با پوشش ژئوممبران HDPE در شبکه‌های آبیاری زاینده رود، مغان و کرمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی (استادیار)- بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی (دانشیار)، مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، البرز، ایران

3 عضو هیئت علمی و استادیار ، بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان

4 عضو هیئت علمی و استادیار بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مغان

5 عضو هیئت علمی بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش مقدار تلفات آب در هفت مورد از کانال­های انتقال آب در دشت­های زاینده‌رود، کرمان و مغان، با پوشش ژئوممبران با مشخصات فنی یکسان از نوع HDPE و طول عمر یکسان، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. برای این منظور میزان تلفات کل آب در کانال‌ها به روش ورودی-خروجی در سه مرحله تعیین گردید. هم‌زمان مقدار تبخیر با استفاده از تشتک تبخیر نصب‌شده در مجاورت لبه کانال­ها تعیین و برای محاسبه تلفات نشت، مقدار تلفات تبخیر از تلفات کل کسر گردید. بر اساس نتایج، مقادیر راندمان انتقال آب در این کانال­ها بین 96 تا 7/99 و به‌طور متوسط 1/99 درصد (20 درصد بالاتر از پوشش بتنی) می­باشد. مقدار تلفات کل در کانال­ها بین 3/3 تا 8/13 و به‌طور متوسط 1/8 لیتر در ثانیه در کیلومتر (معادل 9/0 درصد در کیلومتر) تعیین گردید. از تلفات کل بین 3/3 (زاینده‌رود اصفهان) تا 2/16 (کرمان) و به‌طور متوسط 1/7 درصد در اثر تبخیر بوده و مابقی تلفات در اثر نشت از پوشش ژئوممبران بوده است. مقدار تلفات نشت در کانال­های مورد ارزیابی بین 03/0 (KC در دشت کرمان) تا 16/0 (در دشت زاینده‌رود کانال EC4) و به‌طور متوسط 08/0 مترمکعب در مترمربع در روز تعیین گردید. بین مقادیر تلفات آب و مقدار دبی کانال رابطه مستقیم وجود دارد. در کل نتایج این پژوهش تأثیر قابل‌توجه کاربرد پوشش ژئوممبران در کنترل تلفات نشت آب از کانال­های مورد ارزیابی و برتری آن نسبت به پوشش رایج بتنی را نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of conveyance efficiency and water seepage loss in irrigation canals with HDPE geomembrane lining in plains of Zaiandeh-rood, Moghan and Kerman

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Bahramloo 1
  • Nader Abbasi 2
  • Alireza mamnnposh 3
  • Keramat Akhavan 4
  • Hamid Riahi 5
1 Assistant professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Hamedan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Iranian Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (IAERI) , AREEO, Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Esfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Esfahan, Iran
4 Assistant professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ardabil, Iran Tel
5 Assistant professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the amount of water losses in 7 irrigation canals in plains of Zaiandeh-rood, Moghan and Kerman, with the same specifications of HDPE geomembrane lining with the same age, were evaluated. For this purpose, the losses of water in the canals was determined by input-output method in three stages. At the same time, the amount of evaporation using a class A pan installed in next canals, was determined. to calculate seepage losses, the amount of evaporation losses were deducted from the total losses. Based on results, the amount of efficiency efficiency was between 95.9 to 99.7 and in averagewas 98.9 percent. The total losses in the canals was determined between 3.3 to 13.8 and averagely 11.5 lit/s per kilometer. From total losses, between 3.3 (Zaiandeh-rood) to 16.2 (Kerman) and in average 7.1 percent was due to evaporation and the remainder was due to seepage losses from geomembrane lining. The seepage losses in evaluated canals was between 0.03 (KC in Kerman plain) 0.16 (EC4 in Zaiandeh-rood ) and an average of 0.1 m3/m2/day (17 times lower than the concrete lining). The results of this study showed remarkable impact of geomembrane lining in control of water losses from irrigation canals and its advantages compared to conventional concrete lining.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Evaluation
  • geomembrane lining
  • irrigation canals
  • seepage water losses

مراجع

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 48، شماره 4
آذر و دی
آذر 1396
صفحه 725-735

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