تعیین فسفر خاک با روش گرادیان پخشیدگی در لایه نازک (DGT)در برخی خاک‌های آهکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیأت علمی / دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 عضو هیئت علمی/دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشجو/دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

4 دانشگاه لندن

چکیده

 گرادیان پخشیدگی در لایه نازک (DGT) به‌عنوان یک روش تعیین فسفر در برخی از خاک­ها مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. این روش در 10 خاک آهکی متفاوت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت، میزان استخراج فسفر توسط این روش با 5 روش مختلف دیگر و میزان فسفر جذب‌شده توسط گیاه گندم در یک آزمایش گلدانی در گلخانه مورد مقایسه و ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد با توجه به تنوع زیاد خاک­ها، مقدار غلظت فسفر قابل‌استخراج با روش DGT (CDGT) دارای دامنه گسترده بین 4/23 تا 6/494 میکرو‌گرم بر لیتر بود. به علت این تغییرات زیاد، همبستگی قوی بین فسفر استخراج‌شده توسط روش DGT با سایر روش­ها و جذب فسفر گیاه مشاهده نشد؛ اما با بررسی جداگانه خاک­هایی با CDGT کم این همبستگی­ها افزایش چشم­گیری داشت. لذا می­توان گفت روش DGT برای ارزیابی فسفر در خاک­های آهکی با CDGTکمتر از µg/l250 به دلیل همبستگی بیشتر این روش با سایر روش‌های ارزیابی فسفر و به‌ویژه جذب فسفر گیاه، قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of phosphorus in some calcareous soils by Diffusive Gradients in Thin films (DGT) method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Khorasani 1
  • Akram Halajnia 2
  • Hadiseh Rahmani 3
  • Hamid Pouran 4
1 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
4 Fellow of London Middle East Institute, SOAS, University of London
چکیده [English]

Diffusive Gradients in Thin films (DGT) method is used as a method of phosphorus determination in some soils. This method was used to evaluate P in 10 different calcareous soils; Extractable phosphorous by this methods was compared with 5 other methods and P uptake by wheat plant in a glasshouse pot experiment. The results showed that the range of P concentration extracted by DGT method (CDGT) was between 23.4 and 494.6 µg L-1 affected by soil types. Because of these changes, no correlations were observed between P concentration extracted by DGT with other methods and P uptake by wheat plant. However, in a separate investigation in some soils with low CDGT, the correlation was highly increased. Therefore, it can be supposed that using of DGT method is recommendable for evaluation of P in calcareous soils with CDGT lower than 250 µg/l, due to strong correlations between this method and other methods, especially phosphorous uptake.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Available P
  • P extraction method
  • P Fractionation
  • P Uptake
Ahmed, B. and Islam, A. (1975). The use of sodium EDTA as an extractant for determining available phosphate in soil. Geoderma, 14, 261-265.
Aslyng, H.C. (1964). Phosphate potential and phosphate status of soils. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, 14, 261-285.
Bremner, J. M. (1970). Nitrogen total, regular kjeldahl method. In Methods of soil analysis, part 2: Chemical and microbiological properties. (2nd ed.) Agronomy, 9(1). (pp. 610-616). A.S.A.Soil Science Society of America. Inc. Madison Publisher, Wisconsin, USA.
Burkitt, L. L., Mason, S. D., Dougherty, W. J. and Sale, P. W. G.( 2016). The ability of the DGT soil phosphorus test to predict pasture response in Australian pasture soils–a preliminary assessment. Soil Use and Management, 32, 27–35.
Colwell, J. D. (1963). The estimation of the phosphorus fertilizer requirements of wheat in Southern New South Wales by soil analysis. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animalmin Husbandry, 3, 190-197.
Degryse, F., Smolders, E., Zhang, H. and Davison, W. (2009). Predicting availability of mineral elements to plants with the DGT technique: a review of experimental data and interpretation by modelling. Environmental Chemistry, 6, 198–218.
FAO. (1990). Management of gypsiferous soils. Soil Bulletin, 62, Feed and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy.
Grant, C., Bittman, S., Montreal, M., Plenchette, C. and Morel, C. (2005). Soil and fertilizer phosphorus: Effects on plant P supply and mycorrhizal development. Canadian Journal  of Plant Science, 85(1), 3-14.
Heidari, S., Reyhanitabar, A. and Oustan, S. (2016). The Comparison of Olsen, DMT-HFO and DGT Methods for Assessment of Plant Available Phosphorus in Soils. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 6(1), 27-34.
Hooda, P., Zhang, H., Davison, W. and Edwards, A.C. (1999). Measuring bioavailable trace metals by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT): soil moisture effects on its performance in soils. European Journal of Soil Science, 50, 285–294.
Jiang, B. and Gu, Y. (1989). A  suggested  fractionation  scheme  of  inorganic  phosphorus  in  calcareous  soils. Fertilizer Research, 20, 159-165.
Klute, A. (1986). Methods of soil analysis, part 1: Physical and mineralogical methods ( 2nd ed.). ASA. Soil Science Society of America, Wisconsin, USA: Madison.
Mason, S. and McNeill, A. (2008). Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT) as a technique for accurately predicting Phosphorus fertiliser requirements. In: 14th  Australian  Society of Agronomy Conference, 21-25 Sept., Adelaide.
Mason, S., McNeill, A. and McLaughlin, M. J. (2010a). Expanding the use of Diffusive Gradients in Thin-Films (DGT) for assessing phosphorus requirements of different crop types. N.Z. Grasslands. In: 15th Australian Society of Agronomy Conference,15-18 Nov., LincolnUniversity, Christchurch.
Mason, S., McNeill, A., McLaughlin, M. J. and Zhang, H. (2010b). Prediction of wheat response to an application of phosphorus under field conditions using diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) and extraction methods. Plant and Soil, 337, 243–258.
Mclean, E.O. (1982). Soil pH and lime requirement. In Methods of soil analysis,  part 2: Chemical and microbial properties. (2nd ed.) Agronomy, 9(1).ASA. Soil Science Society of America,Wisconsin, USA: Madison.
Menzies, N. W., Kusumo, B. and Moody, P. W. (2005). Assessment of P availability in heavily fertilized soils using the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique. Plant and Soil, 269, 1–9.
Murphy, J. and Riley, H. P. (1962). A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Analytica Chimica Acta, 27, 31-36.
Olsen, S. R., Cole, C. V., Watanabe, F. S. and Dean, L. A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular. Government. Printing Office, WashingtonD.C., 939, 1-19.
Santner, J., Mannel, M. D., Burrell, L.,Hoefer, C., Kreuzeder, A. and Wenzel, W. W. (2015). Phosphorus uptake by Zea mays L. is quantitatively predicted by infinite sink extraction of soil P. Plant and Soil, 386, 371–383.
Soltanpour, P. N. and Schwab, A. P. (1977). A new soil test for simultaneous extraction of macro and micro nutrientsin alkaline soils. Communications. in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 8, 195-207.
Walkley, A. and Black, I. A. (1934). Method for determining organic carbon in soils: Effect of variations in digestion conditions and of inorganic soil constituents. Soil Science, 63, 251-263.
Zhang, H., Lombi, E., Smolders, E. and  Mcgrath, S. (2004). Kinetics of Zn release in soils and prediction of Zn concentration in plants using diffusive gradients in thin films. Environmental Science and Technology, 38(13), 3608–3613.
Zhang, H. and Davison, W. (1995). Performance characteristics of diffusion gradients in thin films for the in situ measurement of trace metals in aqueous solution. Analytical Chemistry, 67, 3391-3400.
Zhang, H., Davison, W., Gadi, R. and Kobayashi, T. (1998). In situ measurement of dissolved phosphorus in natural waters using DGT. Analytica Chimica Acta, 370, 29–38.