اثر مقادیر مختلف آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی دو رقم خرمای کبکاب و زاهدی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نادر سلامتی - استادیار پژوهش و عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان- سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران

2 حسین دهقانی سانیج، دانشیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر مقدار آب در آبیاری قطره­ای زیرسطحی بر کارایی مصرف آب، عملکرد خرما، اجزای عملکرد و تعیین مناسب‌ترین تیمار آبیاری در دو رقم خرما، آزمایشی به­صورت کرت­های یک‌بار خردشده در قالب بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار برای دو سال زراعی (1394-1392) در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان اجرا گردید. فاکتور اصلی مقدار آب در آبیاری قطره­ای زیرسطحی در سه ســطح بر اساس 75%، 100% و 125% نیاز آبی و فاکتور فرعی، رقم در دو سطح شامل کبکاب و زاهدی بود. در تمام صفات کمی به­جز کارایی مصرف آب ازجمله وزن حبه و هسته، طول، تعداد حبه در خوشه، عملکرد خرما و کارایی مصرف آب اختلاف معنی­داری بین تیمارهای سطوح مختلف آب وجود نداشت. لذا مصرف زیاد آب در تیمارهای 100 و 125 درصد نیاز آبی نسبت به تیمار 75 درصد موجب نشده تا هر دو رقم خرما از نظر صفات کمی نسبت به تیماری که کمترین آب را دریافت نموده برتری داشته باشند. . به­طوری­که با مصرف 3/7545 مترمکعب در هکتار آب در تیمار 75% نیاز آبی علاوه بر صرفه­جویی در مصرف آب به میزان 0/25 و 0/40 درصد نسبت به تیمارهای 100 و 125 درصد نیاز آبی، عملکرد این تیمار 9/6396 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کارایی مصرف آب آن نیز 848/0 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب به­ثبت رسید. دو رقم کبکاب و زاهدی نیز از نظر عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب اختلاف معنی­داری نداشتند. به­طوری که در رقم کبکاب میزان عملکرد 1/5857 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کارایی مصرف آب نیز 610/0 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب به ثبت رسید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different amounts of subsurface drip irrigation on yield and quality of two varieties of palm Kabkab and Zahedi

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nader Salamati 1
  • Hosein Dehghani Sanich 2
1 Ahvaz
2 Institue of Technical Research and Agricultural Engineering
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of the amount of water in subsurface drip irrigation on water use efficiency, performance dates, yield components, and determine the best irrigation in two varieties of palm, a split plot experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications for the second year experiment (2014-2015) was carried out in Behbahan agricultural Research Station. The main factor was the amount of water in subsurface drip irrigation at three levels based on 75%, 100% and 125% water requirement and sub-plots, the two Variety of Kabkab and Zahedi. in all quantitative traits except water use efficiency such as berry weight and the core, length, number of berries per cluster, date yield and water use efficiency, water levels, there were significant differences between treatments. As 2582.1 cubic meters per hectare consumption of water in the treatment of 75% water requirement in addition to saving water consumption by as much as 28.8 and 45.5 percent compared to 100 and 125% water requirement, The yield of the Treatment Research 6563.6 kg and water use efficiency was calculated as 2.542 kilograms per cubic meter. Two varieties of palm Kabkab and Zahedi also not significantly different in terms of yield and water use efficiency. So that in the hearts 6134.9 kg per hectare yield and water use efficiency was calculated 1.721 kilograms per cubic meter.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Palm
  • Qualitative and quantitative yield
  • different levels of water
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