بهینه‌سازی فرایند حذف هیدروکربن‌های نفتی از خاک با استفاده از تابش ریزموج و تأثیر آن بر برخی خصوصیات زیستی خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی گروه محیط زیست/ دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست/ دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

روش‌های گرمایی به‌عنوان روش­های سریع و با کارایی زیاد برای حذف آلاینده­های آلی در محیط­های آبی و خشکی مطرح شده­اند که استفاده از تابش ریزموج (مایکروویو) یکی از آنهاست. این مطالعه با هدف دستیابی به برخی شرایط بهینه برای حذف هیدروکربن­های نفتی از یک خاک آلوده تحت تأثیر تابش ریزموج انجام شده است. پس از نمونه­برداری خاک از منطقه پالایشگاه نفت تهران، نمونه‌ها در محیط آزمایشگاه در معرض پرتو مایکروویو با توان (770، 1100 و 1250 وات) و فرکانس 45/2 گیگاهرتز، زمان‌های مختلف (5، 10 و 15 دقیقه)، مقادیر مختلف رطوبت خاک (1، 5 و 10 درصد وزنی) و کربن فعال اضافه شده به خاک (0، 5/2 و 5 درصد وزنی) قرار گرفتند. شرایط بهینه حذف هیدروکربن­های خاک با استفاده از آزمایش­های تاگوچی با آرایه متعامد L9 به دست آمد. تأثیر تابش مایکروویو بر برخی خصوصیات شیمیایی و زیستی خاک نیز بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که در دامنه تغییرات مطالعه شده شرایط بهینه شامل توان مایکروویو 1100 وات، زمان پرتودهی 15 دقیقه، رطوبت 1% وزنی خاک و کربن فعال 5% وزنی بود. تابش ریزموج در شرایط بهینه منجر به حذف 70 درصد هیدروکربن­های خاک شد. اگرچه این روش بر خصوصیات زیستی خاک مانند جمعیت و تنفس میکروبی تأثیر منفی داشت، ولی می­تواند به‌عنوان یک روش مؤثر و سریع در خاک­های با آلودگی مواد نفتی زیاد پس از بررسی­های اقتصادی مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of Removal Process of Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Soil Using Microwave Radiation and Its Effect on Some Soil Biological Characteristics

چکیده [English]

Such thermal methods as MicroWave (MW) radiations are considered as fast and efficient approaches in removal of organic pollutants from aquatic and terrestrial environments. This study was carried out to find the optimum conditions for oil removal from contaminated soils treated by MW irradiation. Following soil sampling from Tehran Refinery surroundings, the samples were treated under various conditions for including MW power intensity (770, 1100 and 1250 w) and frequency of 2.45 GHz, time of irradiation (5, 10 and 15 min), soil moisture (1, 10 and 15 % w/w) and added activated carbon (0, 2.5 and 5 % w/w). The optimum conditions of oil removal were obtained from results of Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. Besides, the effect of MW irradiation on some chemical and biological properties of soil was also investigated. Results indicated that the optimum conditions of the investigated parameter ranges were as follows: MW power (1100 w), irradiation time (15 min), soil moisture (1 % w/w) and added activated carbon (5 % w/w). About 70 % of petroleum hydrocarbons were dissipated within optimum conditions. Although the method exhibited some negative effects on respiration and population and respiration of soil microorganisms, still it can be used as an effective and fast approach for remediation of highly polluted soils considering the economic feasibility.      

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Microwave
  • Petroleum Pollutants
  • Soil Pollution
  • Remediation
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