اثر شوری و خاک آلوده به فاضلاب بر جذب کادمیوم توسط گیاه ذرت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو/دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار/ دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشیار/دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

آلودگی محیط‌زیست توسط فلزات سنگین، به­ویژه آلودگی خاک با کادمیوم، یکی از چالش­های محیط‌زیست محسوب می­شود. در این پژوهش از روش گیاه­پالایی جهت اصلاح یک خاک آلوده به کادمیوم همراه با شوری استفاده شد. این مطالعه در دو سطح شوری آب آبیاری (0 و 3 دسی­زیمنس بر متر) و سه سطح آلودگی خاک (0 و 20 میلی­گرم کادمیوم در کیلوگرم خاک و نسبت یک به یک خاک و خاک آلوده به فاضلاب) اجرا شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. گیاه ذرت به‌عنوان جاذب کادمیوم انتخاب گردید. گیاهان قبل از رسیدن به مرحله زایشی برداشت شدند. شاخص­های عملکرد، غلظت و جذب کادمیوم به عنوان پاسخ­های گیاهی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که شوری آب آبیاری بر غلظت و جذب کادمیوم در گیاه ذرت اثر معنی­داری داشته و باعث افزایش غلظت کادمیوم در اندام هوایی و ریشه گیاه ذرت به میزان 52 درصد شد؛ اما در تیمار شوری علی‌رغم افزایش غلظت کادمیوم در گیاه، میزان جذب کادمیوم کاهش یافت که ناشی از کاهش وزن خشک گیاه نسبت به تیمار شاهد بود. تیمار خاک آلوده به فاضلاب نیز موجب کاهش عملکرد گیاه شد، اما در این تیمار به علت افزایش شوری و کاهش اسیدیته خاک، حلالیت کادمیوم در خاک افزایش پیدا کرد، در نتیجه غلظت کادمیوم در ریشه به میزان 15 درصد نسبت به تیمار آلوده به کادمیوم افزایش نشان داد و این افزایش در اندام هوایی حدود 12 درصد بود. بر این اساس شوری آب آبیاری می­تواند میزان جذب آلاینده کادمیوم توسط گیاه را افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of salinity and soil contaminated with sewage on cadmium uptake by corn

نویسندگان [English]

  • elham fathi 1
  • masoud parsinejad 2
  • farhad mirzaei 3
  • babak motesharezadeh 3
1 Studentuniversity of tehran
2 Associate Professoruniversity of tehran
3 Associate Professoruniversity of tehran
چکیده [English]

Environmental pollution by cadmium is one of the most hazardous challenges occurring in ecosystem. This research work was conducted to study the effect of sewage sludge and water salinity on remediation of cadmium in soil through corn (Zea mays L.). The study was carried out employing corn as crop in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design, of 3 replications at 3 soil pollution levels of control, 20 mg.kg-1 cadmium, soil treated with sewage sludge of 20 mg.kg-1) and saline water in 2 levels (control, 3 dS.m-1). The results indicated that treated soil with cadmium and sewage sludge, decreased dry and fresh wet weight of the plant. With increase in salinity of water, dry and fresh wet weight of plant decreased. With increase in salinity, cadmium concentration present in crop shoots and roots increased by 52% as compared with control. But it could not increase cadmium uptake because of decreasing shoot and root dry matter. Sewage sludge increased the level of cadmium concentration in shoot and root by almost 12% and 15% as against treated soil with cadmium, but it could not increase cadmium uptake because of decrease in shoot and root dry matter. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil Pollution
  • Heavy metals
  • availability
  • Accumulation
  • Phytoremediation
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