توزیع اندازه ذرات پاشمان در طول فلوم آزمایشگاهی تحت تأثیر شیب‌ها و شدت‌های مختلف بارندگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد/ دانشگاه تربیت مدرّس

2 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

جدایش و انتقال پاشمانی ذرات خاک به‌وسیله اثر قطرات باران به‌عنوان شروع فرآیند فرسایش آبی محسوب می‌شود. در نتیجه پاشمان توزیع اندازه ذرات رسوبی ناشی از آن در مراحل دیگر فرآیند فرسایش بسیار مهم و تاثیرگذار ارزیابی شده است. حال آن‌که تغییرپذیری توزیع اندازه ذرات پاشمان در شرایط مختلف کم‌تر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. لذا در تحقیق حاضر به بررسی اثر یک‌جانبه و متقابل شیب و شدت بارندگی در بالادست و پایین‎دست فنجان پاشمان به‌صورت جداگانه روی مولفه‎های توزیع اندازه ذرات رسوبی پاشمان شده با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل واریانس دو طرفه پرداخته شده است. هم‌چنین گروه‌بندی مولفه‎ها با استفاده از آزمون توکی در نرم افزارRStudio انجام شد. نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس دو طرفه نشان داد که شدت‌های مختلف بارندگی تاثیر معنی‌داری بر همه مولفه‎ها غیر از ذرات کوچک‌تر از 2 میکرون و چولگی ذرات رسوبی در بالادست فنجان پاشمان داشت. اما در پایین‌دست فنجان پاشمان همه مولفه‎ها غیر از D10، جورشدگی و کشیدگی ذرات رسوبی نسبت به شدت‌های مختلف بارندگی، شیب‌های مختلف و تعامل آن‌ها دارای اختلاف معنی‌دار (05/0≥P) بودند که نتایج آزمون توکی نیز بیان‌گر تاثیرپذیری بیش‌تر متغیرهای مذکور از شدت 90 میلی‌متر بر ساعت نسبت به 30 و 60 میلی‌متر بر ساعت بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Splash Particle Size Distribution along the Experimental Flume under Different Rainfall Intensities and Slopes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi 1
  • Mahboobeh Kiani Harchegani 2
  • Hossein Asadi 3
1 Professor/ Tarbiat Modares University
2 Tarbiat Modares University
3 University of Guilan
چکیده [English]

Splash detachment and transport of soil particles by raindrops are the initiating mechanisms of soil erosion by water. The size distribution of splashed particles is very important and effective in the rate of other erosion processes. However, this important issue has been less considered. Therefore, the present study investigated individual and interaction effects of slope, rainfall intensity and spatial variations along the plot and upward and downward splash cup. In addition, the variables were grouped by Tukey test in RStudio software. The tow-way ANOVA in upward splash cup showed that the rainfall intensities significantly affected all variables except particles of < 2 micron and skewness of sediment. A variable except D10, sorting and kurtosis of sediment in downward splash cup significantly differed in varying rainfall intensities and slopes and their interaction. Besides that, the Tukey test explained that the rainfall intensity of 90 mm h-1 significantly influenced study variables compared to those reported for rainfall intensities of 30 and 60 mm h-1.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rainfall simulator
  • RStudio software
  • Variables of Sediment particle size distribution

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