اثر فرسایش شخم بر میزان جابجایی و توان تولید خاک (مطالعۀ موردی: توتکابن در استان گیلان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس‌ارشد علوم خاک، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

در تحقیق حاضر که در بخشی از اراضی دیم‌کاری در جنوب استان گیلان صورت گرفت، تأثیر فرسایش ناشی از شخم بر جابه‌جایی و توان تولید خاک بررسی شد. به این منظور هجده نقطة نمونه‌برداری در موقعیت‌های مختلف زمین بر مبنای همجواری با مرز زمینی ایجادشده در هفت قطعه زمین مجاور هم در نظر گرفته شد. ویژگی‌های حاصلخیزی خاک در عمق 0 تا 30 سانتی‌متری، همچنین اجزای عملکرد گندم در هر نقطة نمونه‌برداری تعیین شد. آنالیز داده‌ها با تجزیة خوشه‌ای به روش ward، خاک را با توجه به مقدار نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و کربن آلی و توان تولید را بر مبنای ویژگی‌های تعداد سنبله، وزن هزاردانه، تعداد دانه در سنبله و عملکرد دانه در سه گروه تقسیم‌ کرد. بین مناطق گروه‌بندی‌شده از نظر حاصلخیزی با گروه‌های عملکرد ارتباط معناداری وجود نداشت که به نظر می‌رسد به دلیل تفاوت در مدیریت زراعی زمین‌های مجاور مورد بررسی باشد. نتایج نشان داد اختلاف ارتفاع ایجادشده بین قطعات در جهت شیب بین 1 تا 2/3 متر و در جهت جانبی بین 1 تا 3/1 متر است. همچنین، حجم خاک جابه‌جاشده در این دو جهت به ترتیب بین 8 تا 36 و 5 تا 22 تن در هکتار در سال برآورد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Tillage Erosion on Soil Displacement and Productivity (Case Study: Tutkabon, Guilan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Nesa Seyed Olama 1
  • Hossein Asadi 2
  • Mohsen Zavareh 3
1 Former Graduate Student, Department of Soil Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
2 Associate Profeser, Department of Soil Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, University of Guilan, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted in a part of the dry farming lands of the southern Guilan Province, aimed at examining the impact of tillage erosion on the soil displacement and consequently its productivity. In order to achieve the research aims, 18 sampling points were spotted in some different locations of the landscape in seven adjacent fields, based on the adjacency to the field ridges (borders). Soil fertility characteristics at 0-30 cm depth as well as components related to wheat yield were determined at each sampling point. Cluster analysis by the Ward method grouped the soils in three as based on their fertility as well as productivity. The criteria considered in grouping soils' fertility consisted of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and organic carbon contents. The productivity of the soil was classified as based on ear number, one thousand grain weight, number of grains in ear as well as grain yield. There was no significant relationship found between the grouped points, in terms of fertility and productivity, probably due to differences in crop management in the adjacent fields. The terrace elevation formed between two fields was observed to be 1 to 3.2 meters in the slope direction, and 1 to 1.3 meters in the lateral direction. In addition, the soil volume displaced in the two directions was estimated to be 8 to 36 and 5 to 22 tons per hectare per year, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Embankment
  • Long- term tillage
  • Lynched
  • Mechanical erosion
  • Soil displacement
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