حذف فسفات فاضلاب کشاورزی شرکت کشت و صنعت کارون با استفاده از گیاه‌ وتیور در تالاب‌مصنوعی‌جریان‌ سطحی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استاد دانشکدة مهندسی علوم آب گروه آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 استادیار دانشکدة مهندسی علوم آب گروه آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

به منظور بررسی کارآیی تالاب مصنوعی در حذف فسفات فاضلاب کشاورزی، از تالاب مصنوعی‌ جریان ‌سطحی استفاده ‌شد. در این تحقیق، نُه عدد حوضچة مستطیلی ساخته ‌‌شد و جریان ‌‌فاضلاب، به ‌صورت پیوسته، از آذر 1392 تا خرداد 1393 برقرار شد. سه سامانه به ‌صورت کشت ریشة گیاه در خاک (S)، سه سامانه به ‌صورت کشت گیاه روی صفحات شناور (F)، و سه سامانه بدون گیاه و بستر متخلل به منزلة شاهد (C) در نظر گرفته ‌شد. زمان‌‌ماندهای هیدرولیکی انتخاب‌شده 3، 5، و 7 روز بود و برای هر زمان‌ماند این آزمایش در شش مرحله، به ‌مدت شش ماه، تکرار شد. غلظت فسفات ورودی به سامانه‌ها و خروجی از آن‌ها اندازه‌گیری و میانگین بازده تصفیه، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SAS، مقایسه شد. متوسط غلظت فسفات فاضلاب ورودی به حوضچه‌ها در محدودة 99/5 تا 58/8 میلی‌گرم ‌بر لیتر در نوسان بود. نتایج مقایسة میانگین شیوة کشت گیاه، زمان‌ماند، تغییرات دما (ماه)، و اثر متقابل آن‌ها در کارآیی حذف فسفات در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد معنادار مشاهده ‌شد. در نتیجه، حوضچه‌های حاوی گیاه و بستر متخلخل دارای بهترین بازده حذف در محدودة 46/9 تا 48/35 درصد بودند. همچنین، بازده حذف فسفات به طور معنادار به زمان‌ماند وابسته بود. از این ‌رو بهترین زمان‌ماند با بیشترین بازده حذف در محدودة 88/8 تا 48/35 درصد به زمان 7 روز اختصاص‌ داشت. نتایج مقایسة میانگین تأثیر دما در حذف فسفات نشان ‌داد در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد اختلاف معنادار بین کارآیی حذف فسفات در بعضی ماه‌ها وجود دارد. نتایج اثر متقابل ماه، سامانه، و زمان‌ماند نشان داد بیشترین کارآیی حذف فسفات به مقدار 48/35 درصد در ماه خرداد با زمان‌ماند 7 روز در سامانه دارای بستر متخلخل به دست می‌آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Phosphate Removal from Karun Agro-Industry INC Agricultural Wastewater through Vetiver planation, and within Free Water Surface Constructed Wetland

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeb Khoshnavaz 1
  • Saeid Boroomand Nasab 2
  • Hadi Moazed 2
  • Abdali Naseri 2
  • Zahra Izadpanah 3
1 PhD Candidate, Department of irrigation & Drainage. Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
2 Professors, Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

To investigate the performance of artificially constructed wetland in phosphate removal from agricultural wastewater, free water surface constructed wetlands were employed. Nine rectangular pools were constructed and operated continuously from December 2013 until May 2014. Three of the units were filled with soil and planted with vetiver transplants (S), three were cultivated with vetiver on some floating platforms (F) and three kept non- planted as control (C). The study was divided into 6 phases, each of a 6 month, period, using three HRTs (3, 5 and 7 days). Concentration of phosphate was evaluated at the inlet vs outlet of the system, and the data analyzed, using SAS, to find out the significance between or among factors. The average phosphate concentration, in the wastewater entering the unit was recorded 5.99-8.58 mg/L. The results indicated that the phosphate removal performance of the constructed wetland units differed significantly (P < 0.05) correct. The average removal rates being different for any of the: cultivation method, HRT, and temperature treatments. The units that contained soil substrate(S) presented the most appropriate in performance removal, the efficiency of which was 9.46–35.48%. The removal rates were also positively correlated with HRT, since the performance for phosphate removal was on the average 8.88-35.48% for 7days of HRT. In addition, it was shown that there existed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in phosphate removal between different months in most units. The results finally indicated that the average phosphate removal rate was significantly affected by temperature variations, CW and HRT. The highest phosphate removal efficiency (average 35.48%) occurred in May, when kept for 7 days, and when under soil substrate medium.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Eutrophication
  • Phytoremediation
  • vetiver
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