تاثیر پیش تیمار بذر با عنصر روی بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی و مورفولوژیکی و میزان عناصر در بخش‌های مختلف گیاهچه برنج رقم هاشمی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور

2 دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

3 استادیار موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

4 پژوهشگر موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

چکیده

پیش تیمار با محلول حاوی عناصر غذایی مانند روی سبب جوانه‌زنی سریع و سبز شدن یکنواخت و استقرار موفقیت‌آمیز گیاه زراعی در هر دو شرایط تنش و بدون تنش محیطی می‌شود. بدین منظور آزمایش حاضر به منظور بررسی تاثیر پیش تیمار بذر با عنصر روی بر تغییرات عناصر پرمصرف و کم‌مصرف دورن بذر، خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی نشا و جذب عناصر پرمصرف و کم‌مصرف توسط گیاهچه برنج رقم هاشمی طراحی و اجرا شد. آزمایش حاضر در قالب دو آزمایش آزمایشگاهی و یک آزمایش گلدانی در هوای آزاد در طی سال زراعی 1400 در موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور در رشت اجرا شد. آزمایش آزمایشگاهی اول و دوم در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با عامل آزمایشی پیش تیمار بذر با سولفات روی در چهار سطح شامل بدون پیش تیمار بذر با محلول 5 در هزار سولفات روی یا شاهد، پیش تیمار بذر با محلول 5 در هزار سولفات روی به مدت 6 ساعت، پیش تیمار بذر با محلول 5 در هزار سولفات روی به مدت 12 ساعت و پیش تیمار بذر با محلول 5 در هزار سولفات روی به مدت 24 ساعت  در سه تکرار اجرا شد. در آزمایش گلدانی علاوه بر عامل آزمایشی دو آزمایش اول، نوع خاک در دو سطح (خاک با کمبود روی (Zn<2mgkg-1) و خاک بدون کمبود روی (Zn>2mgkg-1)) و محلول پاشی با روی کلات شده با اسید‌آمینه گلایسین در دو سطح (بدون محلول پاشی و محلول پاشی با کود روی کلات شده با اسید آمینه گلایسین به میزان 1 کیلوگرم در هکتار در (حداکثر پنجه‌زنی، آبستی و آغاز رسیدن دانه). بیشترین میزان افزایش در سرعت جوانه‌زنی (290 درصد) و کاهش در زمان رسیدن به 10، 50 و 90 درصد حداکثر جوانه‌زنی (به ترتیب 28/2، 49/2 و 47/2 برابر) نسبت به شاهد ناشی از کاربرد پیش تیمار بذر با محلول 5 در هزار سولفات روی به مدت 12 ساعت و بیشترین مقدار افزایش در عنصر روی در بذر برنج رقم هاشمی (5/17 برابر) نسبت به شاهد نیز ناشی از کاربرد پیش تیمار بذر با محلول 5 در هزار سولفات روی به مدت 24 ساعت بود. بیشترین میزان تاثیر مثبت و افزایشی در طول ساقه‌چه و ریشه‌چه ناشی از کاربرد پیش تیمار بذر با محلول 5 در هزار سولفات روی به مدت 6 ساعت بود که نسبت به شاهد به ترتیب سبب افزایش حدود 26 و 19 درصدی این صفات شدند. هچنین بیشترین میزان تاثیر بر مقدار عنصر روی در اندام هوایی و ریشه گیاهچه برنج ناشی از کاربرد پیش تیمار بذر با محلول 5 در هزار سولفات روی به مدت 24 ساعت بود که نسبت خاک بدون کمبود روی به ترتیب  271 و 291 درصد و نسبت به خاک با کمبود روی به ترتیب 227 و 251 درصد افزایش داشتند. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، پیش تیمار بذر با محلول 5 در هزار سولفات روی به مدت شش ساعت می تواند به‌عنوان یکی از روش‌های موثر مصرف عناصر کم مصرف در کنار سایر روش‌های مصرف کودهای کم مصرف برای تولید گیاهچه قوی توسط کشاورزان شالیکار مورد استفاده قرارگیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Seed Priming with Zinc on Seed Germination Characteristics, and Morphological Characters, and Mineral Content of Rice Tissues of Hashemi Rice Cultivar

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahram MahmoudSoltani 1
  • Maryam Hosseini chaleshtori 2
  • Shahram Nazari 3
  • Maryam Shakouri Katigari 4
1 Assistant Professor of rice research institute of Iran
2 Associate Professor of Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Iran
3 1Assistant Professor of Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Iran
4 Research Assistant of Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Nutripriming of rice seeds with micronutrient (Zn) is considered to have the potential of optimizing Zn application, faster germination, uniform seedlings’ growth, better establishment of transplanted rice seedlings. The current experiments were designed and conducted to explore the effects of rice seeds nutripriming of with micronutrient (Zn) on macro and micronutrient content of primed seeds, morphological characteristics of rice seedlings and uptake of macro and micronutrients (N, P, K, Zn) for Hashemi rice cultivar through two laboratory and open-air pot experiments during 2021 at rice research institute of Iran. The highest increase in seed germination vigor index (2.9 times) ad reduction in germination dynamics or three germination fractions (t 10, t 50, and t 90) compared to control were recorded at nutripriming with zinc sulfate (5g. L-1) for 12 hours by about 2.28, 2.49, and 2.47 times, respectively. The maximum increase in Zn content of rice seeds (17.5 times) were observed at nutripriming with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) for 24 hours compared to the control. Also, the highest positive, significant increase in the length of coleoptile and radicle by seed nutripriming with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) for 6 hours compared to the control by about 25.87 and 18.67%, respectively. The maximum significant and positive increase in root wet and dry weight of rice seedlings were found at about 24.36, 20.00, 38.23, and 38% compared to the control through nutripriming of seeds with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) for 6 hours in soils with Zn deficiency and sufficiency, respectively. The highest significant and effect on Zn content of shoot and root of rice seedlings were observed about 2.71, 2.91, 2.27, and 2.51 compared to the control through nutripriming of seeds with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) for 6 hours in soils with Zn deficiency and sufficiency, respectively. Nutripriming of rice seeds with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) solution for 6 hours could be an alternative solution for traditional methods of macro and micronutrients application (soil and foliar) by farmers in seed nursery.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rice Seeds
  • Local Variety
  • Maximum Germination
  • Micronutrients
  • Macronutrients

Effect of Seed Priming with Zinc on Seed Germination Characteristics and Morphological Characters and Mineral Content of rice tissues of Hashemi Rice Cultivar

EXTENDED ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Nutripriming of rice seeds with micronutrient (Zn) is considered to have the potential of optimizing Zn application, faster germination, and uniform seedlings’ growth, better establishment of transplanted seedlings, higher grain yield, and nutritional quality.

 

Objectives:

The current experiments were designed and conducted to explore the effects of rice seeds nutripriming of with micronutrient (Zn) on macro and micronutrient content of primed seeds, morphological characteristics of rice seedlings and uptake of macro and micronutrients (N, P, K, Zn) for rice cv. ‘Hashemi’.

 

Materials and Methods:

The current researches were carried out in three different experiments during 2021 rice growing season at the Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht, Iran. The first and the second experiment were done in laboratory conditions and the third experiment was done as a pot experiment based completely random design (CRD), CRD and randomized complete block (RCBD) design with three replications, respectively. The experimental factors of the two first experiments were: nutripriming with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) on 6, 12, and 24 hours, and control. For the third experiment the soil types at two levels (less and more than Zn critical level (2 mgkg-1) were added to previous factors. The measured characters were Zn, N, P, K content of seeds and diffrenet parts of rice seedlings, length of root and shoot, root and shoot wet and dry weights.

 

Results:

The highest increase in seed germination vigor index (2.9 times) ad reduction in germination dynamics or three germination fractions (t 10, t 50, and t 90) were recorded at nutripriming with zinc sulfate (5g. L-1) for 12 hours compared to the control by about 2.28, 2.49, and 2.47 times, respectively. The maximum increase in Zn content of rice seeds (17.5 times) were observed at nutripriming with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) for 24 hours compared to the control. Also, the highest positive and significant increase in the root and shoot length recorded in seed nutripriming with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) for 6 hours compared to the control by about 25.87 and 18.67%, respectively. The maximum significant and positive increase in root wet and dry weights of rice seedlings were found at about 24.36, 20.00, 38.23, and 38% compared to the control through nutripriming of seeds with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) for 6 hours in both soils with and without Zn deficiency, respectively. The highest significant effect on Zn content of shoot and root of rice seedlings were observed about 2.71, 2.91, 2.27, and 2.51 compared to the control through nutripriming of seeds with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) for 6 hours in soils with Zn deficiency and sufficiency, respectively.

 

Conclusion:

Nutripriming of rice seeds with zinc sulfate (5g.L-1) solution for 6 hours is an easy, quick and effective solution to remediate rice plant Zn requirment, improve seedlings quality and crop stablishment.

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 54، شماره 6
شهریور 1402
صفحه 895-914

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