مبانی رویکرد همبست منابع، همبست آب- انرژی- غذا و مقایسه آن با مدیریت به‌هم‌پیوسته منابع آب(IWRM)

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 رییس دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات

3 استاد گروه بیوسیستم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایالتی اوکلاهما

چکیده

امروزه تحقیقات علمی در خصوص انواع همبست، به‌ویژه همبست آب- انرژی- غذا به‌عنوان منابع زیربنایی توسعه و محرک بهبود رفاه جامعه، در حال گسترش است. ازآنجاکه آموزش رویکرد نسبتاً جدید همبست نیازمند همکاری چند حوزه تخصصی است، تبیین مفاهیم و بررسی ادبیات موضوع با نگاه ویژه به همبست آب- انرژی- غذا ضرورت دارد. این مقاله با هدف بیان ساده و دقیق رویکرد همبست به‌ویژه همبست آب- انرژی- غذا، بر اساس مرور سیستماتیک و تفصیلی تحقیقات انجام شده در سال‌های 2011 تا 2021 ارائه می‌شود. مقالات بر اساس سال، تنوع منابع و موضوع طبقه‌بندی شدند. باتوجه‌به مرور منابع، شمای کلی نحوة شکل‌گیری رویکرد همبست، همبست آب- انرژی- غذا و سؤالات مرتبط در خصوص این رویکرد با هدف ارائه بینش کاربردی برای سیاست‌گذاری و ارزیابی شرایط کنونی در کشور مدون گردید. به‌طورکلی، پیاده­سازی رویکرد همبست دشوار است، به‌ویژه همبست آب- انرژی- غذا که یک سیستم بسیار پیچیده را به وجود می­آورد و باید از ابعاد سیاسی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی نیز موردتوجه قرار گیرد. بااین‌حال رویکرد همبست در حال گذار به یک مؤلفة مهم برنامه‌ریزی توسعه است که موفقیت آن نیاز به هدایت سیاست‌های استراتژیک و ساختارهای نهادی در حاکمیت چند سطحی دارد و به نظر می‌رسد کشورها باید ساختارهای حاکمیتی خود را متناسب با رویکرد همبست اصلاح کنند. موضوع دیگری که در این مقاله موردتوجه ویژه قرار گرفت، تفاوت رویکرد همبست آب- انرژی- غذا با رویکرد مدیریت به‌هم‌پیوسته منابع آب است به‌نحوی‌که شبهات لزوم حرکت از مدیریت به‌هم‌پیوسته منابع آب به همبست آب- انرژی- غذا باید پاسخ داده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The concept of Water-Energy-Food Nexus and its Comparison with Integrated Water Resources Management

نویسندگان [English]

  • atena mirzaei 1
  • BAHRAM SAGHAFIAN 2
  • ALI MIRCHI 3
1 Department Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Head of the Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
3 Professor, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University
چکیده [English]

Today, scientific research on the types of Nexus, especially the water- energy- food Nexus as the driver of improving the welfare of society, is expanding. Since the Nexus approach is relatively new and requires the cooperation of several fields, explaining the concepts, its literature review, with a special focus on the water- energy- food Nexus is essential. This article aims to express Nexus approach simple and clear, by a detailed review of several related articles from 2011 to 2021. Articles were reviewed and categorized by year, source variety, and topic. So the outline of the formation of the Nexus approach, water- energy- food Nexus and the questions raised about this approach were codified in a way that provides a practical insight for policy making. In general, the Nexus approach, especially the water- energy- food Nexus which creates a very complex system and must be considered from a political, social and economic perspective, is difficult to implement. However, the Nexus approach is transitioning to an important component of development planning, and its success requires the guidance of strategic policies and institutional structures in multilevel governance. It seems that countries need to reform their governance structures in line with the Nexus approach. Another issue that has been considered in this article is the difference between the Water- Energy- Food Nexus approach with the approach of integrated water resources management. Due to the similarities, there are doubts about the need to move from integrated water resources management to Water- Energy- Food Nexus.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nexus approach
  • WEF
  • Integrated Water Resources Management
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