بررسی آزمایشگاهی تأثیر شعاع انحنای پیچ آبراهه بر بده ورودی به آبگیرهای دو طرف سرریز با تاج افقی و شیب‌دار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب ، دانشکده کشاورزِی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

شواهد زیادی از ساخت سرریز و سد انحرافی در محدوده پیچ رودخانه وجود دارد و عموماً ساخت سامانه آبگیر در دو طرف پیچ آبراهه ضروری است. احداث سرریزها در محدوده پیچ رودخانه، مشکلاتی را از نظر عدم تقارن توزیع جریان و انحراف آب به آبگیرهای دو طرف رودخانه پدید می‌آورد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی تأثیر شعاع انحنای پیچ بر نسبت بده ورودی به آبگیرهای دو طرف سرریز در پیچ یک آبراهه است. آزمایش‌ها در سه کانال آزمایشگاهی منحنی با شعاع انحناهای نسبی 3/3، 05/2 و 84/0 (که معرف پیچ‌های ملایم، متوسط و تند هستند) انجام گردید. سرریز لبه پهن با تاج افقی و شیب‌دار، در موقعیت 60 درجه از ابتدای پیچ در نظر گرفته شد. دو آبگیر در بدنه سرریز و در کناره پیچ داخلی و خارجی جانمائی گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که استقرار سرریز در پیچ ملایم عملکرد بهتری از نظر یکنواختی آبگیری داشته است. همچنین، عملکرد سرریز با تاج شیب‌دار بهتر از تاج افقی بوده است. به طور متوسط بده ورودی به آبگیرهای دو طرف سرریز، در سه انحنای نسبی 3/3، 05/2 و 84/0 با وجود سرریز با تاج شیب‌دار به ترتیب 8، 5 و 9 درصد نسبت به سرریز با تاج افقی افزایش‌یافته است. نسبت بده آبگیر خارجی به داخلی در سرریز با تاج شیب‌دار، در سه پیچ ملایم، متوسط و تند به ترتیب 1، 1/1 و 12/1 بوده است. افزایش بده آبراهه موجب افزایش یکنواختی در نسبت آبگیری در دیواره داخلی و خارجی، در هر سه پیچ شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Experimental Investigating the Effect of Relative Curvature of a Channel Bend on the Inlet Flows in Bilateral Water Intakes of Weirs with Horizontal and Sloping Crests

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leyla Mehrdar 1
  • Mohammad Hemmati 2
  • Mehdi Yasi 3
1 Water engineering department, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
2 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

There are evidences of the construction of weirs and diversion dams in river bends, and the necessities for building water intakes on both sides of the river bend. The construction of weirs in rivers reaches encounters problems in terms of asymmetry of flow distribution into the intake structures on both sides of the river. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of relative curvature on the ratio of the inlet discharge of bilateral water intakes from a weir in a channel bend. The experiments were carried out in three laboratory channels with different relative curvatures (i.e. 3.3, 2.55 and 0.84), which falls into the category of mild, moderate and sharp bends. A broad-crested weir with two types of horizontal and sloping crests was installed at an angle of 60 degrees from the bend inlet. Two intakes were located next to the inner and outer banks. The results indicated that the weir installation in the mild bend performed better uniformity of intake discharges on both channel sides. The performance of sloping crest weir was superior compare with the horizontal crest weir. With the sloping crest weir, average inlet discharge into the inner and outer intakes increased by 8%, 4% and 8%, in three bends of  relative curvatures 3.3, 2.55 and 0.84, respectively, compared to the horizontal crest weir. Considering the sloping crest weir, the discharge ratio of the outer to inner intakes in the three mild, moderate and sharp bends was 1.00, 1.10 and 1.12, respectively. Increasing the channel discharges would result in more uniformity of inflows in the inner and outer banks in the three bends with different relative curvatures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Channel bend
  • intake
  • broad crested weir
  • relative curvature

مراجع

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 53، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 57-69

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