ارزیابی کمّی پاسخ گیاه کاملینا (Camelina sativa L.) به تنش شوری در مراحل آغازین رشد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه آبیاری و زهکشی-دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه تربیت مدرس-تهران-ایران

2 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

جوانه­زنی نقشی حیاتی در استقرار گیاه و عملکرد آن دارد. بیشتر گیاهان دانه روغنی در مرحله­ی جوانه‌زنی به شوری حساس هستند و نمی‌توان آن‌ها را با آب شور آبیاری کرد. کاملینا گیاهی دانه روغنی است که هرچند به کم آبی مقاوم بوده لیکن مقاومت آن به شوری باید ارزیابی شود. برای بررسی کمّی پاسخ کاملینا به شوری در مرحله‌ی جوانه‌زنی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی شامل 17 سطح شوری 85/0، 2، 4، 6، 8، 10، 12، 14، 16، 18، 20، 22، 24، 26، 28، 30، 32 dS/m با سه تکرار انجام شد. پارامترهای جوانه­زنی با استفاده از بسته SeedCalc در نرم‌افزار R محاسبه و از MATLAB برای کد نویسی و برازش مدل­ها استفاده شد. بهینه‌سازی با تغییر مکرر پارامتر­های مدل بر پایه­ی کاهش RMSE و حداقل مربعات خطا انجام شد. سپس مدل­های شوری ماس-هافمن (MH)، ون گنوختن-هافمن (HVG)، دیرکسن-آگوستین (DA) و همایی (H) با هم مقایسه گردیدند. تجزیه ‌و تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SAS و مقایسه میانگین‌ها به روش LSD انجام شد. آستانه­ی کاهش شاخص­های سرعت جوانه­زنی (GSI)، بنیه بذر (SV)، بنیه بذر SeedCalc (SV-S) به ترتیب 2، 12 و 12 dS/m و شیب کاهش آن­ها 4/2، 7/7 و 7/1 به دست آمد. بر پایِۀ EC* و شیب کاهش شاخص  GSI و SV-S، نتیجه­گیری گردید که کاملینا به شوری بسیار مقاوم بوده و قابلیت استقرار سریع و تولید گیاهچه­ی قوی در سطوح بالای شوری را دارد. بررسی آماره­های کارآیی مدل‌ها نشان داد که مدل­های غیرخطی عملکرد بهتری دارند. بهترین عملکرد مدل­ها توسط مدل­های HVG و H حاصل شد. شاخص­های جوانه­زنی با افزایش سطوح شوری کاهش یافته و کاهش GSI به کاهش جذب آب در بذر­ها مربوط است. هر چه بنیه بذر بیشتر باشد، GSI و رشد گیاهچه بیشتر و MGT کمتر می‌شود. بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که کاملینا می‌تواند جایگزینی مناسب برای گیاهان دانه روغنی آب‌بر در مناطق نیمه‌خشک می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Quantitative Assessment of Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) Response to Salinity at Early Growth Stage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Homaee 1
  • mansure bayram 1
  • ali mokhtasibidgoli 2
1 Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Germination plays a vital role in crop establishment and its yield. Most oilseeds are sensitive to salinity at germination, so cannot be irrigated with saline water. Although camelina is considered as a tolerant crop to water stress, but its tolerance to salinity must be investigated. To quantitatively evaluate camelina response to salinity at germination stage, an experiment with a completely randomized design was conducted including 17 water salinity levels of 0.85, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32 dS m-1, each with three replicates. Germination indicators were calculated using the SeedCalc package in R software and MATLAB. The optimization procedure was carried out with frequent changes in the model parameters based on reduced RMSE and minimizing least squares error. Then, parameters of salinity models including Maas-Hoffman, van Genuchten-Hoffman, Dirksen-Augustijn and Homaee et al. were derived and compared. The obtained threshold values of germination rate (GSI), seed vigor (SV), SeedCalc seed vigor (SV-S) were 2, 12 and 12 dS m-1, respectively; The corresponding reduction slope for these variables were 2.4, 7.7 and 1.7%, respectively. Based on the obtained EC* and the slope, it was concluded that camelina is very tolerant to salinity at this growth stage. So that, it can be established quickly and produce strong seedlings at very high salinity levels. Further analyses of model performance statistics indicated that the examined nonlinear models provide better performance. Best performance of fitted models was obtained by HVG and H models, respectively. Germination indices were decreased by increasing the salinity levels, a lower GSI was associated with decreased seeds water uptake. The higher the seed vigor, the higher the GSI and seedling growth, as well as the lower MGT. Overall, camelina can be considered as a suitable alternative for oilseed cultivation in semi-arid regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Camelina
  • Germination rate
  • Modeling
  • Oilseed
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