مروری بر تأثیر اقلیم و تحول خاک بر منابع ذخیره کربن آلی خاک در البرز مرکزی

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک-پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

تغییرات کربن خاک یکی از مهمترین شاخص­های نشان­دهنده تاثیر اقلیم بـر گونه­های خـاک اسـت. مدیریت کربن آلی خاک، نیازمند آگاهی از مقدار آن و شناخت عوامل مؤثر بر آن می­باشد. در این پژوهش برخی ویژگی­های خاک به ویژه کربن آلی در 76 خاکرخ در اقلیم­های مختلف متشکل از خشک (استان البرز)، نیمه­خشک (استان البرز و استان قزوین) و نیمه­مرطوب (استان گیلان و مازندران) و مرطوب (استان مازندران) با رژیم­های رطوبتی اریدیک، زریک و یودیک و رژیم­های حرارتی ترمیک و مزیک مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. تغییر در پارامترهای اقلیمی سبب ایجاد تغییر تنوع گونه­ها در اکوسیستم شده و در نهایت بر روی اشکال مختلف کربن به ویژه کربن آلی خاک موثر بوده است. از مهمترین عوامل اقلیمی در این مطالعه می‌توان به دما اشاره نمود که افزایش دمای خاک منطقه خشک و نیمه­خشک نسبت به دو منطقه مرطوب­تر سبب تشدید معدنی­شدن شده و در نتیجه آن کربن آلی خاک کاهش می­یابد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار کربن آلی در خاک مناطق مورد مطالعه با افزایش عمق کاهش می­یابد و میانگین مقدار کربن آلی در خاکرخ­های مالی‌سول بیشتر از آلفی‌سول‌ها، اینسپتی­سول­ها، انتی­سول­ها و اریدی­سول­ها بوده است. نتایج کلی این مطالعه نشان می­دهد افزایش پارامترهای هدایت الکتریکی خاک (شوری)، اسیدیته خاک و مقدار رس اثر منفی بر میزان کربن آلی خاک، در حالی که افزایش پارامترهای ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی و مقدار سیلت خاک اثرات مثبت بر آن دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of the Effect of Climate and Soil Evolution on Soil Organic Carbon Storage Resources in Central Alborz

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Raheb 1
  • Ahmad Heidari 2
1 Assistant Professor -soil science department-College of Agriculture & Natural Resources University of Tehran
2 Professor, soil science department, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources,University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Changes of soil carbon is one of the most important indicators showing the climate impacts on the soil genesis. Soil organic carbon management requires knowledge of its amount and the effective factors. In the current study, the distribution of soil properties especially soil organic carbon were studied in 76 soil profiles consist of different climatic zones arid (Alborz province), semi-arid (Alborz and Qazvin province) and semi-humid (Guilan and Mazandaran province) and humid (Mazandaran province) with aridic, xeric and udic moisture regimes and thermic and mesic temperature regimes. Changes in climatic parameters cause changes in species diversity in the ecosystem and ultimately effect on various forms of carbon, especially soil organic carbon. One of the most important climatic factors in this study is the temperature that increasing the soil temperature in arid and semi-arid regions compared to the two wetter regions causes intensification of mineralization and as a result, soil organic carbon is reduced. The results showed that the amount of organic carbon in the studied soil decreases with increasing depth and the average amount of organic carbon in Mollisols was higher than Alfisols= Inceptisols > Entisols > Aridisols. The general results of this study showed that increasing the parameters of soil electrical conductivity (salinity), soil acidity and clay content have a negative effect, while increasing the parameters of cation exchange capacity and silt content have positive effects on soil organic carbon content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Entisols
  • Organic carbon
  • Semi-arid climate
  • Soil genesis
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