تاثیر نوع و روش مصرف کودهای حاوی روی برعملکرد، اجزای عملکرد برنج رقم هاشمی و مقدار روی قابل‌جذب خاک‌

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

چکیده

کمبود روی پس از کمبود عناصر پرمصرف گسترده‌ترین ناهنجاری تغذیه‌ای در اراضی شالیزاری است. به­منظور بررسی تاثیر نوع و روش مصرف کودهای روی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج رقم هاشمی و روی قابل‌جذب در خاک‌های مختلف شالیزاری دچار کمبود روی، آزمایشی دو ساله و گلدانی در هوای آزاد به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 1397 و  1398 در مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور–رشت اجرا شد. عامل‌های آزمایش شامل نوع کود روی در چهار سطح (سولفات روی، اکسید روی، Zn-EDTA و بدون مصرف کود روی)، روش مصرف کود در سه سطح (مصرف خاکی، محلول‌پاشی سه مرحله‌ای در حداکثر پنجه‌زنی، پیش از گلدهی و آغاز رسیدن دانه و غوطه‌وری ریشه در محلول 5/0 درصد حاوی روی) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تمامی منابع کودی و روش مصرف در خاک‌های مورد مطالعه بر بسیاری از صفات اندازه‌گیری شده مانند میزان روی قابل‌جذب خاک، ارتفاع بوته، طول خوشه، وزن هزار‌دانه، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد کاه و کلش تأثیر معنی‌دار داشتند. بیشترین مقدار افزایش روی قابل‌جذب خاک، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد‌کل پنجه، طول خوشه و عملکرد دانه و کاه رقم هاشمی به­ترتیب 3 برابری، 50،10، 3/15، 80 و 68 درصدی ناشی از مصرف خاکی 20 کیلوگرم روی در هکتار از منبع سولفات‌روی به ثبت رسید. بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه گرفت در خاک‌های شالیزاری با کمبود روی مصرف خاکی 20 کیلوگرم روی در هکتار از منبع سولفات‌روی و سپس محلول‌پاشی سه مرحله‌ای می‌تواند سبب بهبود چشم‌گیر عمکرد دانه و کاه برنج رقم هاشمی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Zinc Sources and Application Methods on Yield and Yield Component of Local Rice Variety (Hashemi), and Soil Available Zinc

نویسنده [English]

  • Shahram MahmoudSoltani
Assistant Professor of Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Zinc deficiency is the most widespread soil nutritional disorder of the paddy fields that its management is more complex due to its influence on soil properties, and therefore, requires knowledge of the proper application rates, fertilizer types, and application methods in various soil conditions. The current two-year outdoor pot experiment study was conducted to explain the effect of Zn fertilizers types and application methods on the morphological characters, yield, and yield component of the Hashemi rice variety. The three factors factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications at the rice research institute of Iran in 2018-2019. The experimental factors were: Zn fertilizer types (four levels), application methods (three levels), and Zn deficit paddy soils (four levels). The results indicated that all fertilizer types and application methods significantly influenced the measured plant and soil characters. The most effective treatments on soil available Zn, plant height, total tiller numbers, panicle length, grain yield was the soil application of 20 kg Zn ha-1 in the source of Zn Sulphate by around 8.6 times, 10, 50, 29.3 and 50%, respectively, and also for straw yield was the three stages Zn foliar application in the rate of 0.5% in the source of Zn Sulphate by about 50%. Thus, it can be concluded that despite the various soil characters of the studied paddy fields, the soil application of 20 kg Zn ha-1 followed by the three stages Zn foliar application at the rate of 0.5% both in the source of Zn Sulphate can enhance the rice grain and straw yield considerably.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Micronutrients
  • yield
  • soil broadcasting
  • foliar application
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