کارآیی شاخص‌های طیفی گیاهی با استفاده از تصاویر پهپاد سنجش از دور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

طی سال­های اخیر به دلیل گسترش استفاده از پهپادهای سنجش از دور، پایش کیفی و کمی مزارع کشاورزی با استفاده از این فناوری نیز رشد چشمگیری داشته است. در این راستا شاخص­های گیاهی زیادی برای مطالعه وضعیت گیاهی ارائه ‌شده است که هر یک دارای ویژگی­ها و قابلیت­های متفاوتی می­باشند. در این تحقیق کارآیی چهار شاخص گیاهی پرکاربرد در مطالعات پوشش گیاهی به منظور پایش وضعیت گیاه ذرت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایشات مزرعه‌ای در سال زراعی 97 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه ارومیه با بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و کود دهی بر میزان زیست­توده گیاهی و چهار شاخص طیفی  NDVI، GNDVI، SAVI و NDRE انجام گرفت. طرح آزمایشات در قالب بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه سطح 100، 80 و 60 درصد نیاز آبی و کودی طی چهار تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. عملیات تصویربرداری با استفاده از پهپاد بال ثابت eBee+مجهز به دوربین سنجش از دور سکویا انجام پذیرفت. بعد از انجام عملیات فتوگرامتری و پیش‌پردازش‌های موردنیاز در نرم‌افزار Pix4Dmapper، تصاویر جهت محاسبه شاخص­های گیاهی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. درنهایت با استفاده از آنالیز آماری تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها در نرم‌افزار SPSS تأثیر سطوح مختلف آب و کود روی شاخص­های گیاهی و زیست­توده گیاهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که میزان زیست­توده گیاهی نسبت به سطوح مختلف آب و کود در سطح پنج درصد تحت تأثیر بوده و در این میان سطوح آب و کود روی شاخص­های NDVI و SAVI تأثیر معنی­داری نداشته­اند. در مقابل شاخص SAVI نسبت به سطوح آبی و شاخص NDRE نسبت به سطوح آب و کود دارای تغییرات معنی­دار بوده­اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Efficiency of Vegetation Spectral Indices Using Remote Sensing Drone Images

نویسندگان [English]

  • FARID FEIZOLAHPOUR 1
  • Sina Besharat 1
  • BAKHTIAR FEIZIZADEH 2
  • Vahid Rezaverdinejad 1
  • Behzad Hessari 1
1 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Department of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS), Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, due to the widespread use of remote sensing drones, the qualitative and quantitative monitoring of agricultural farms using this technology has also increased significantly. In this regard, many vegetation indices were introduced to study the plants specifications. It is understood that each method has different strength and capabilities which should be taken into account of consideration when pressing the drone images. In this research, the efficiency of four high frequently vegetation indices were evaluated using the drone spectral data for monitoring the corn field. Field experiments were carried out in the research farm of Urmia University in 2018. The research methodology was developed by evaluating the effect of different levels of irrigation and fertilization on the crop biomass and four spectral indices such as NDVI, GNDVI, SAVI and NDRE. The experimental design was considered in the form of complete randomized blocks with three levels of irrigation and fertilization application, including 100, 80 and 60% of irrigation water requirements and fertilizer requirements within the four evolution step. The imaging operation was designed and performed using an ebee+ fixed wing drone equipped with the Sequoia remote sensing sensor. After performing the required photogrammetric and preprocessing operations by Pix4Dmapper software, the images were used to calculate vegetation index layers. Finally, the effect of different irrigation and fertilization application levels on crop biomass and vegetation indices were evaluated using statistical analysis of variance in the SPSS software. The results indicated that the crop biomass was significantly affected by different levels of water and fertilizer usage, and no significant effect observed on NDVI and SAVI indices in response to water and fertilizer levels. In contrast, The SAVI index was significant to irrigation levels and the NDRE index was significant to irrigation and fertilizer levels.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fixed Wing Drone
  • Photogrammetry
  • Biomass
  • Fertigation

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
تیر 1400
صفحه 969-979

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