اثر عمق خاک و سایه‌انداز سه رقم نخل بر سینتیک آزادسازی مس در خاک آهکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار، بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز ، ایران

چکیده

مس از جمله عناصر ضروری اما کم مصرف برای گیاهان می­باشد که کمبود آن در خاک­های آهکی معمول است. از آنجایی که بخش اعظمی از خاک­های ایران آهکی می­باشند، ممکن است کشاورزان و باغداران در طول فصل کشت، با کمبود این عنصر مواجه شوند. با توجه به اهمیت مس در تغذیه درختان خرما، به ویژه در خاک­های آهکی، درک بهتر مکانیسم و سینتیک آزادسازی مس از خاک می­تواند اطلاعات مفیدی را در مورد عوامل موثر بر فراهمی زیستی این عنصر ارائه دهد. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر عمق و سایه­انداز سه رقم نخل خرما بر سینتیک آزادسازی مس از خاک­های تحت کشت درخت نخل خرما انجام شد. بدین منظور از سه عمق 20-0، 40-20 و60-40 سانتی­متری دو مکان سایه­انداز و خارج از سایه­انداز سه رقم درخت نخل شاهانی، قصب و حلوان مقداری خاک جمع­آوری گردید. عصاره­گیری در هشت دوره زمانی به کمک عصاره­گیرAB-DTPA انجام شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که سه معادله تابع توانی، الوویچ ساده و انتشار سهموی بهترین معادلات توصیف کننده آزادسازی مس بودند. روند آزادسازی مس ابتدا تا زمان دو ساعت سریع و بعد از آن کاهش یافت و شیب ثابتی را طی کرد. نتایج این تحقیق حاکی از تاثیر مثبت سایه­انداز درختان نخل بر قابلیت دسترسی و سرعت آزادسازی مس از خاک­های آهکی بود به گونه­ای که سرعت آزادسازی مس مربوط به عمق60-40 سانتی­متری خاک­های زیر سایه­انداز  نسبت به همین عمق در خارج از سایه­انداز بیشتر بود که علت آن را می­توان  ترشحات ریشه و کاهش پ­هاش  دانست. از بین سه رقم مورد استفاده در این پژوهش خاک­ تحت کشت رقم شاهانی بیشترین میزان رهاسازی مس را داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Soil Depth and Canopy of Three Date Palms on Release of Copper from a Calcareous Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • ava mohrazi 1
  • Reza Ghasemi 2
1 Graduate of M. Sc. Student, Department of soil science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Associate Professor,Department of soil science, faculty of agriculture, shiraz university, shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Copper is an essential micronutrient to plants, which it`s deficiency is common in calcareous soil. Most of the soils are calcareous in Iran, therefore farmers and gardeners may observe the deficiency of this element during the growing season. Given the importance of copper in the nutrition of date trees, especially in calcareous soils, a better understanding of the mechanism and kinetics of copper release from the soil can provide useful information about the factors affecting the bioavailability of this element. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the influence of depth and canopy of three palm cultivars on kinetics release of copper. For this purpose, soil samples were collected from three depths of 0-20, 20-40 and 60-40 cm and two locations (under canopy and outside the canopy) with three replications, for three cultivars of date palms; Shahani, Ghasab and Halvan. Extraction was performed in eight different time periods with ammonium bicarbonate Diethylene Triamine Penta acetic acid (AB-DTPA). Results showed that the power function, simple Elovich, and parabolic diffusion were the best fitted models for describing Cu release. The pattern of copper release was fast during the first two hour and decreased at subsequent time. The results of this study indicating the positive effect of date palm canopy on the availability and rate of copper release from calcareous soils. So that the rate of copper release related to the depth of 40-60 cm of the soils under the canopy was higher than the one in the same depth outside the canopy, which can be attributed to root exudations and pH reduction. Among the three cultivars studied in this research, Shahani cultivar had the highest amount of copper release.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • release kinetics"
  • "copper"
  • " depth"
  • " canopy

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 51، شماره 11
بهمن 1399
صفحه 2803-2814

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