ارزیابی تناسب اراضی برای زرشک و عناب به روش پارامتریک و فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی در حوضه القورات بیرجند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار مهندسی علوم خاک، گروه زراعت، اصلاح نبات و علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

چکیده

برای استفاده بهینه از اراضی کشاورزی، ارزیابی تناسب اراضی ضروری است. در این تحقیق از روش­های پارامتریک (ریشه دوم) و فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) در ارزیابی تناسب اراضی منطقه القورات (با وسعت km2 2/133 واقع در استان خراسان جنوبی) برای عناب و زرشک استفاده شد. 12 خاکرخ شاهد، از بین 50 خاکرخ اولیه، مطالعه گردید. پرسشنامه­هایی برای زرشک و عناب تهیه و توسط کشاورزان و کارشناسان تکمیل شد. ابتدا چندین ویژگی فیزیکی و اقتصادی (زیر معیار درآمد) بررسی شدند. با توجه به نتایج پرسشنامه­ها، برای هر عامل و به تفکیک هر تیپ بهره­وری، بر اساس تأثیر آن در تناسب اراضی، وزن­ داده شد. در نهایت وزن­ها و درجه­های تناسب مربوط به هر ویژگی در محیط نرم­افزار Expert Choice  با یکدیگر تلفیق‌ و بر اساس استانداردهای فائو کلاس­های تناسب تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اقلیم دارای تناسب زیاد (S1) بوده و مهم‌ترین محدودیت­های خاک و زمین­نما شیب، آهک و بافت بود. اقلیم بیشترین (3۵۵/0) و شاخص رطوبت کمترین (04۴/0) وزن را داشت. دامنه شاخص اراضی به روش ریشه دوم برای زرشک و عناب به­ترتیب: 7/10 تا 6/75 و 2/11 تا 77 و به روش AHP، 4/13 تا 1/77 و 5/14 تا 4/79 بود. اگرچه این اختلاف بسیار ناچیز می­باشد، اما به نظر می­رسد شرایط منطقه برای کشت عناب نسبت به زرشک، مناسبتر است. ضرایب تبیین محاسبه شده بین تولید مشاهداتی و شاخص­های اراضی برآورد شده در روش ریشه دوم برای زرشک و عناب به ترتیب: 96/0 و 94/0 و در روش AHP، 98/0 و 92/0 بود که مؤید دقت بالای هر دو روش AHP و ریشه دوم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Land Suitability Evaluation for Barberry and Jujube Using Parametric Method and Analytical Hierarchy Process in Alghoorat Region of Birjand

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammadjavad Vahidi
Assistant professor of Soil Science Engineering,, Department of Agriculture, Plant Breeding and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture,, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
چکیده [English]

Land suitability assessment is essential for optimal use of agricultural lands. In this research, Root Mean Square (RMS) method and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) have been used to evaluate the land suitability of Alghoorat region (with an area of 133.2 km2 located in South Khorasan Province) for Jujube and barberry. 12 control profiles were studied out of 50 primary profiles. Questionnaires for barberry and jujube were prepared and completed by farmers and experts. First, some physical and economical properties (income subindex) were studied. According to the results of the questionnaires, weights were given for each factor and separately for each type of productivity, based on its effect on land suitability. Finally, the weights and degrees of suitability for each property were combined together in the Expert Choice software, and suitability classes were determined according to the FAO standards. The results showed that the suitability of climate was high (S1) and the most important soil limitations were slope, lime and texture. The climate and moisture indices had the highest (0.355) and the lowest weight (0.044), respectively. The range of land indices for barberry and jujube were 10.7 to 75.6 and 11.2 to 77 using RMS method and were 13.4 to 77.1 and 14.5 to 79.4 using AHP method, respectively. Although this difference is very small, the conditions of the region for cultivation of jujube seem more suitable than for barberry. The calculated explanation coefficients between observational production and land indices estimated by RMS method for barberry and jujube were 0.96 and 0.94 and by AHP method were 0.98 and 0.92, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultivation priority
  • Land index
  • Root mean square method
  • Sustainable development
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