بررسی توابع تولید در تخمین عملکرد ذرت دانه‌ای با استفاده از ضرایب واکنش عملکرد بومی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش آبیاری و فیزیک خاک، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج،

3 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

4 عضو هیئت علمی بخش آبیاری و زهکشی مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

چکیده

با توجه به منابع محدود آب و مشکل توزیع آب در شبکه‌های آبیاری و زهکشی و عدم انطباق نیاز آبیاری گیاه با دوره‌های آبیاری موجود یک تنش آبی به گیاهان به‌طور سیستماتیک وارد می‌شود. ازاین‌رو در این مطالعه دو تابع تولید Raes (2004) و Tafteh et al (2013) با استفاده از ضرایب حساست گیاه پیشنهادشده توسط Tafteh et al (2014a) برای ذرت مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور عملکرد دانه دو رقم ذرت دانه­ای 500 و 302 در دو سال کشت با تیمارهای آبیاری 100، 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی برداشت و با استفاده از دو تابع تولید مطرح‌شده ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد تابع تولیدTafteh  در تعیین عملکرد دو رقم 500 و 320 به‌طور متوسط با مقدار ریشه مربعات میانگین خطا حدود 562 کیلوگرم در هکتار، ریشه مربعات میانگین خطای نرمال حدود 8 درصد و میانگین انحراف خطا حدود 168 کیلوگرم در هکتار بسیار خوب عمل کرده است. همچنین شاخص توافق حدود 95/0 و شاخص کارای مدل حدود 83/0 به دست آمد. این نتایج آماری نشان داد که توابع مطرح‌شده کارایی بالای در تعیین عملکرد هر دو رقم دارند. بررسی تفکیک‌شده این دو رقم نیز نشان داد که رقم 302 دارای عملکرد کم‌تر و در شرایط کم‌آبی ضرایب حساسیت آن به گیاه به‌ویژه در دوره میانی رشد بیش‌تر از رقم 500 می‌باشد. لذا رقم 500 نسبت به رقم 302 عملکرد بالاتری دارد و در شرایط کم‌آبی ضرایب حساسیت آن کمتر بوده و مقاومت بیشتری در تنش آبی از خود نشان می‌دهد. ضرایب حساسیت رقم 302 در دوره‌های اولیه، میانی و انتهایی رشد به­ترتیب برابر با 5/0 ، 4/1 و 8/0 تعیین گردید که با مقادیر پیشنهادی متفاوت است. لذا لازم است ارقام پیشنهادی در شرایط کم‌آبی با استفاده از توابع تولید مورد ارزیابی قرارگیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation Of Production Functions In Estimating Two Varieties Of Corn Yield With Native Yield Response Factor In The Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arash Tafteh 1
  • Mohammad Mehdi Nakhjavani Moghadam 2
  • Aslan Egdernezhad 3
  • Saloome Sepehri 4
1 Assistant professor, Department of irrigation and soil physics, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant professor of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Sciences and Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to limited water resources and the problem of water distribution in irrigation and drainage networks and non-compliance of plant irrigation needs with existing irrigation periods, a water stress is introduced to the plants systematically. Therefore, in this study, two production functions of Raes (2004) and Tafteh et al. (2013) were evaluated for corn using the yield response factor suggested by Tafteh et al. (2014a). For this purpose, two varieties of corn 500 and 302 were harvested in two years of cultivation with irrigation treatments of 100, 75 and 50% of water requirement and their yield values were evaluated using the proposed functions. The results showed that both production functions in determining corn yield of 500 and 320 together with the amount of root mean square error is about 591 kg / ha, the normal root mean square error is about 8% and the mean bias error is about 25 kg / ha. The agreement index was about 0.94 and the efficiency factor index of the model was about 0.81. These statistical results showed that the proposed functions are highly effective in determining the yield of both varieties. A separate study of these two varieties also showed that the 302 cultivar has lower yield and in water shortage conditions, its sensitivity to the plant, especially in the middle period of growth, is higher than the 500 cultivar. Therefore, cultivar 500 has a higher yield than cultivar 302 and in water shortage conditions, its sensitivity coefficients are less and it shows more resistance to water stress. Yield response factor of cultivar 302 in the initial, middle and final stages of growth were determined to be 0.5, 1.4 and 0.8, respectively Which is different from the suggested values.. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the proposed cultivars in water stress conditions using production functions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grain corn
  • Production function
  • Yield response factor
  • Water stress

مراجع

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 51، شماره 10
دی 1399
صفحه 2519-2529

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