مدل‌سازی تغییرات کربن آلی خاک با استفاده از شاخص‌های سنجش از دور در حوضه آبخیز بالیخلی‌چای اردبیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

مدل­سازی و تهیه اطلاعات دقیق از توزیع مکانی خصوصیات خاک، یک عامل کلیدی در بسیاری از کاربردهای محیطی و کشاورزی است. از این­رو، هدف از مطالعه حاضر، مدل­سازی و تهیه نقشه رقومی کربن آلی خاک با استفاده از شاخص­های سنجش از دور در حوضه آبخیز بالخلی­چای بود. ابتدا خصوصیات توپوگرافی و طیفی مؤثر بر مقدار کربن آلی خاک بر اساس شاخص­های مکانی و طیفی مختلف از مدل رقومی ارتفاع و تصویر ماهواره­ای لندست 8 استخراج شد. سپس بر مبنای مدل جنگل تصادفی، عملکرد مدل­سازی رقومی خاک در مدل­سازی کربن آلی خاک در حالت­های استفاده از 1) متغیرهای زمینی، 2) شاخص­های طیفی و 3) ترکیب متغیرهای زمینی و شاخص­های طیفی، ارزیابی و مقایسه شد. برای این منظور، مقدار ضریب همبستگی (R2) بین مقادیر برآوردی و اندازه­گیری شده کربن آلی خاک و ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا (RMSE) در حالت­های مختلف محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار کربن آلی در منطقه از 32/0 تا 98/6 درصد متغیر و میانگین آن در منطقه 04/3درصد بود. تغییرات کربن در منطقه عمدتاً وابسته به تغییرات شاخص­های طیفی بود. در بین خصوصیات توپوگرافی، ارتفاع و در بین شاخص­های طیفی، ضریب گسیلندگی (Emissivity)، مهم­ترین خصوصیت در مدل­سازی کربن آلی خاک بودند. مقدار R2 در سه مدل مذکور به­ترتیب 51/0 62/0 و 75/0 و مقدار RMSE به­ترتیب 88/0، 67/0 و 57/0 بود که نشان­دهنده کارایی بهتر مدل سوم است. استفاده از ترکیب متغیرهای زمینی و طیفی سبب افزایش قابل­توجه دقت مدل­سازی کربن آلی خاک می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling Soil Organic Carbon Variations Using Remote Sensing Indices in Ardabil Balikhli Chay Watershed

نویسندگان [English]

  • Solmaz Fathololoumi 1
  • Alireza Vaezi 1
  • Seyed Kazem Alavipanah 2
  • Ardavan Ghorbani 3
1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Department of Remote Sensing & GIS, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran,, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Modeling and providing accurate information on the spatial distribution of soil properties is a key factor in many environmental and agricultural applications. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to model and prepare a digital map of soil organic carbon using remote sensing indices in the Balikhli Chay watershed. At first, topographic and spectral characteristics affecting soil organic carbon content were extracted from digital elevation model and Landsat 8 satellite image. Then the performance of soil organic carbon modeling for different states was evaluated and compared based on random forest models. The states including 1) terrain covariates, 2) spectral indices, and 3) combination of terrain and spectral covariates, were evaluated and compared together. To this end, the correlation coefficient (R2) between the estimated and measured soil organic carbon and root mean square error (RMSE) were calculated for the different states. The results showed that the amount of organic carbon in the study area varied from 0.32 to 6.98 and the mean value was 3.04%. Carbon changes in the study area mostly dependent on changes in spectral indices. Elevation and Emissivity were respectively the most important terrain and spectral covariates in soil organic carbon modeling. The R2 values in the three models were 0.61, 0.62 and 0.75 and the RMSE values were 0.88, 0.67 and 0.57, respectively, which indicates the better performance of the third model. The use of a combination of terrestrial and spectral variables significantly increases the accuracy of soil organic carbon modeling.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Digital soil map
  • Environmental covariates
  • Random forest model
  • Remote sensing
  • Soil organic carbon
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