ارزیابی روش‌های داده‌کاوی و مدل‌های تجربی مبتنی بر دما-تشعشع در برآورد تبخیر از تشت (مطالعه موردی: شرق دریاچه ارومیه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز

چکیده

تبخیر از تشت نقش مؤثری در مدیریت منابع آب دارد. ولی به­دلیل اثرات متقابل متغیر­های هواشناسی در محاسبه تبخیر، روابط غیرخطی متعددی ارائه شده است که با توجه به شرایط اقلیمی هر منطقه کارآیی آن­ها قابل بحث است. لذا در مطالعه حاضر، کارآیی روش­های تجربی مبتنی بر دما-تشعشع و روش­های داده‌کاوی رگرسیون ماشین بردار پشتیبان (SVR)، رگرسیون فرآیند گاوسی (GPR) و نزدیکترین همسایگی (IBK) تحت 10 سناریو مختلف حاصل از ترکیب عوامل هواشناسی در پیش­بینی و مدل­سازی تبخیر از تشت در 5 ایستگاه منتخب در شرق حوضه دریاچه ارومیه بررسی شد. برای ارزیابی نتایج از شاخص­های آماری NRMSE و MAPE استفاده شد. به­منظور مدل­سازی پارامتر­های مؤثر در تبخیر از تشت، میزان تأثیر هریک از پارامتر­ها با استفاده از روش تجزیه به مؤلفه­های اصلی از طریق مقادیر همبستگی پارامتر­ها با میزان تبخیر از تشت محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان داد در بین متغیرهای هواشناسی موردبررسی، دما بیشترین و سرعت باد و بارش کمترین تأثیر را در مدل­سازی دارند. همچنین در بین روش­های تجربی، روش جنسن-­هیز دارای بالاترین دقت بود. علاوه بر این، در بین روش­های داده­کاوی نیز روش SVR در ایستگاه­های تبریز، سراب و هریس و روش GPR در ایستگاه­های بستان­آباد و مراغه در مقایسه با سایر روش­ها دقت بالاتری داشتند. به­طور کلی در تمام ایستگاه­ها دقت بهترین سناریوی روش­های داده­کاوی بالاتر از بهترین روش تجربی بود. در شرایط محدودیت داده نیز روش جنسن­-هیز دقت مطلوبی داشت. همچنین، علی­رغم دقت پایین روش IBK نسبت به سایر روش­های داده­کاوی، این روش با متغیر­های ورودی کمتری به بالاترین دقت خود در مدل­سازی تبخیر می­رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Data Mining Methods and Experimental Temperature-Radiation-Based Models in Estimating Evaporation from the Pan (Case Study: East of Urmia Lake)

نویسندگان [English]

  • vahid Mouneskhah 1
  • saeid samadianfard 2
  • MOEIN HADI 3
1 Ph. D Candidate of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Water Engineering, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Ph. D Candidate of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Water Engineering, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Evaporation from the pan has an effective role in water resources management. But due to the interaction of meteorological variables in the calculation of evaporation, several nonlinear relationships have been presented that their efficiency is arguable according to the climatic conditions of each region. Therefore, in the present study, the capabilities of temperature-radiation-based empirical equations and data mining methods of support vector regression (SVR), Gaussian process regression (GPR) and nearest neighborhood (IBK) were investigated under 10 different scenarios resulting from the combination of meteorological factors in estimating and predicting the evaporation amounts in 5 selected stations in the east of Urmia Lake basin. NRMSE and MAPE statistical indicators were used to evaluate the results. In order to model the effective parameters on pan evaporation, the effect of each parameter was calculated using the principal component analysis through the correlation values of parameters with the pan evaporation rate. The results showed that among the implemented meteorological parameters, temperature have the maximum impact and wind speed and precipitation have the minimum impacts on modeling process. Also, among the empirical methods, the Jensen-Haise method had the highest accuracy. Moreover, among the data mining methods, the SVR in Tabriz, Sarab, and Harris stations and GPR in Bostanabad and Maragheh stations had higher accuracies as compared to the others. In general, in all the studied stations, the accuracy of the best data mining scenario was higher than the best empirical method. Also, in terms of data limitation, the Jensen-Haise method had suitable accuracy. Also, despite the low accuracy of the IBK method compared to other data mining methods, this method reachs to its highest accuracy rates with the lowest input variable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • data mining
  • Jensen-Haise
  • modeling
  • pan evaporation
  • temperature
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