بررسی تأثیر محلول‌پاشی با نانوذرات سیلیس در افزایش مقاومت به خشکی ارزن دانه‌ای در شرایط آب و هوایی کاشمر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، مرکز آموزش عالی کاشمر، کاشمر، ایران

چکیده

امروزه استفاده از نانوذرات در علوم مختلف و از جمله کشاورزی گسترش زیادی یافته است. یکی از نقش­های مهم نانوذرات در تولید گیاهان زراعی و باغی، افزایش مقاومت گیاهان در برابر تنش­های محیطی از جمله تنش شوری و خشکی است. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر محلول­پاشی با نانوذرات سیلیس در افزایش مقاومت به تنش خشکی در ارزن دانه­ای بود. به این منظور پژوهشی مزرعه­ای به‌صورت کرت­های یک بار خرد شده در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. کرت­های اصلی شامل چهار تیمار آبیاری تأمین 100، 80، 60 و 40 درصد نیاز آبی و کرت­های فرعی شامل شش تیمار محلول­پاشی با غلظت­های صفر، 100، 200، 300، 400 و 500 میلی­گرم در لیتر نانوذرات سیلیس بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کم­آبیاری باعث کاهش معنی­دار ارتفاع گیاه، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت و  بهره­وری آب در سطح احتمال یک درصد گردید. از طرفی در تمام تیمارهای آبیاری محلول­پاشی با نانوذرات سیلیس، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت و  بهره­وری آب را به­طور معنی­داری افزایش داد. بیش­ترین عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت و  بهره­وری آب در تیمار آبیاری کامل (100 درصد نیاز آبی) و محلول­پاشی با غلظت 500 میلی­گرم در لیتر نانوذرات و کمترین مقدار آن­ها در تیمار 40 درصد نیاز آبی و بدون محلول­پاشی مشاهده گردید. با توجه به بحران شدید منابع آبی در منطقه خشک کاشمر، تأمین 80 درصد نیاز آبی ارزن دانه­ای به همراه محلول­پاشی با غلظت 500 میلی­گرم در لیتر نانوذرات سیلیس در مرحله پنجه­زنی و گلدهی ارزن دانه­ای، برای مقابله با بحران کم­آبی در این منطقه قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Spraying Silica Nanoparticles in Increasing the Drought Resistance of Millet Seedlings in Kashmar Weather Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • mahdi mokari
  • Meysam Abedinpour
Water Engineering Department, Agriculture Faculty, Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, application of nanoparticles in various sciences including agriculture has expanded greatly. One of the important roles of nanoparticles in agricultural and horticultural production is to increase plant resistance to environmental stresses, such as salinity and water stress. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of spraying with silica nanoparticles on increasing drought resistance of grain millet. For this purpose, a field research was conducted in the form of split plots in a completely randomized design with three replications. The main plots consisted of four irrigation treatments i.e. 100, 80, 60, and 40 percent of the crop water requirement, and the sub-plots included six spraying treatments with concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg/l of silica nanoparticles. The results indicated that the deficit irrigation significantly reduced plant height, grain weight, grain yield, harvest index and water  productivity at 1% level. On the other hand, in all irrigation treatments, spraying with silica nanoparticles could significantly increase grain yield, harvest index and water  productivity. The highest grain yield, harvest index and water  productivity were observed in full irrigation treatment (100% water requirement) and 500 mg/l spraying of nanoparticles and the lowest amount was observed in 40% water treatment without spraying. Due to the severe scarcity of water resources in the arid region of Kashmar, providing 80% of the water requirement of  millet along with spraying with a concentration of 500 mg/l silica nanoparticles is recommended in the tillering stage and flowering to deal with water crisis in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Deficit irrigation
  • Silica nanoparticles
  • Grain yield
  • Water use efficiency
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