استفاده از مدل DAYCENT در تخمین گازهای گلخانه‌ای و پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی اراضی کشاورزی استان خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اقلیم شناسی دانشکده جغرافیا و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

2 گروه آب و هوا شناسی، دانشکده جغرافیا و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر افزایش تولید گازهای گلخانه‌ای از خاک‌ها به اتمسفر از مسائل عمده‌ای به‍شمار می‌رود. از مهم‌ترین این گاز‌ها می‌توان به متان (CH4)، نیتروس اکسید (N2O) و نیتریک اکسید (NO) اشاره کرد. از منابع اصلی تولید گازهای گلخانه‌ای در زمین‌های زراعی، خاک‌ورزی و بالا رفتن سطح زیر کشت بوده اسـت. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعیین میزان تصاعد گازهای گلخانه‌ای در اراضی زراعی استان خوزستان با استفاده از مدل  DAYCENTاست. در ابتدا نمونه‌برداری و تعیین غلظت گاز خروجی از هر واحد زراعی انجام شد. همچنین با استفاده از نرم‌افزار DAYCENT انتشار گازهای متان، نیتروس اکسید و نیتریک اکسید در اکوسیستم‍های کشاورزی استان خوزستان برآورد شد. پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی برای هر چهار منطقه موردمطالعه تعیین شد. بر اساس مدل DAYCENT، بیش‌ترین انتشار متان از شالیزارهای باغملک به مقدار 369/1 تن در هکتار در سال بوده است. همچنین بیش‌ترین میزان انتشار اکسید نیتروس و اکسید نیتریک از خاک گندمزارهای شوش به‍ترتیب با مقدار 101/0 و 111/0 تن در هکتار در سال بوده است. بیش‌ترین میزان پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی بر اساس داده‌های مدل مربوط به گندم‍زارهای شوش (614/66 تن معادل دی‌اکسید کربن) بود. نتایج نشان داد که نیشکر، انتشار گاز و پتانسیل گرمایش کمتری نسبت به سایر کشت‌های موردبررسی داشته است. همچنین با توجه به شاخص‌های آماری ضریب تعیین (98/0، 99/0 و 77/0)، ریشه­‍ی میانگین مربعات خطا (05/0، 31/0و03/0) و کارایی مدل (61/0، 85/0 و76/0) به ترتیب برای سه گاز اکسید نیتروس، متان و اکسید نیتریک، مدل دقت قابل قبولی را نشان داده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Prediction of Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming Potential in Agricultural Lands of Khuzestan Province Using DAYCENT Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • nasrin moradimajd 1
  • Gholam Abbas Falah Ghalhari 2
  • Mansour Chatrenor 3
1 Department of Climatology, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 Department of Climatology, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
3 department of Soil Sciences, , Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the current years, increase of greenhouse gas emissions such as methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) from soils to atmosphere is a global concern. Tillage and agricultural lands deveopment have been the main sources of greenhouse gases production. The aim of this study is to determine the rate of greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural lands of Khuzestan province using DAYCENT model. For this purpose, the rate of gas emmission from the soil surface was measured in each agricultural unit. Also, the emmission of methane, nitrous oxide and nitric oxide gases were estimated in agricultural ecosystems of Khuzestan province, using DAYCENT software. The global warming potential was determined for all the study areas. The highest methane emission (1.369 tons/ha) was estimated by DAYCENT model which corresponded to the paddy fields of Baghmalek. Also, the highest emission of nitrous oxide and nitric oxide were corresponded to Shush wheat fields with 0.101 and 0.111 tons per hectare per year, respectively. The maximum global warming potential (66.664 tones equivalent to carbon dioxide) was determined based on DAYCENT data which was corresponded to Shush wheat fields. The results showed a lower gas emissions and heating potential in sugarcane fields as compared to the other cultivars. Also, according to the statistical indicators of determination coefficient (0.98, 0.99 and 0.77), root means square Error (0.05, 0.31and 0.03) and model efficiency (0.61, 0.85 and 0.76), respectively for three gases of nitrous oxide, methane and nitric oxide, DAYCENT model showed an acceptable accuracy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nitrous oxide
  • Nitric oxide
  • Agricultural ecosystems
  • Methane
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