بررسی میزان انباشتگی سرب در قسمت‌های مختلف گیاه بنفشه (Viola tricolor) و واکنش گیاه به تنش اکسیداتیو سرب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز. دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. دانشگاه تهران. کرج. ایران.

3 علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. دانشگاه تهران. کرج. ایران.

چکیده

امروزه آلودگی خاک­ها به فلزات سنگین، یکی از نگرانی­های مهم زیست محیطی به شمار می­رود. در بین فلزات سنگین، سرب به دلیل، اثراتی که می­تواند بر سلامتی انسان و محیط زیست داشته باشد، به عنوان یکی از نگرانی­های اصلی به شمار می­رود. مهم­­ترین منبع آلودگی فلزات سنگین در بیشتر نقاط دنیا معادن، پسا­ب­های صنعتی، کودهای شیمیایی و آفت کش­ها می­باشند. به منظور بررسی جذب سرب به وسیله گیاه زینتی بنفشه (Viola tricolor) و پاسخ­های مورفولوژی و فیزیولوژی گیاه در برابر تنش فلز سنگین سرب، پژوهشی در خاک آلوده با سطوح مختلف سرب (شاهد، 200 و 400 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با پنج تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش غلظت سرب در خاک، میزان آن در هر سه بخش شاخساره، ریشه و گل گیاه افزایش یافت و بیشترین تجمع سرب در ریشه به مقدار 27/41 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم مشاهده شد. آلودگی بالای سرب باعث کاهش وزن تر و خشک شاخساره و ریشه و طول ریشه نسبت به شاهد گردید. همچنین میزان آنتی اکسیدان کل و گلایسین­بتائین به عنوان یک فاکتور دفاعی در برابر تنش، در غلظت 400 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم سرب، به ترتیب به میزان 3/61 درصد و 23/114 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تر رسیدند. بر اساس نتایج حاصله، می­توان گیاه زینتی بنفشه را به عنوان جاذب فلز سنگین سرب و متحمل تنش ناشی از آن در کشت فضای سبز شهری و صنعتی توصیه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Lead Accumulation in Different Parts of violet (Viola tricolor) and Reaction of the Plant to Lead Oxidative Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • samira abolghasemi 1
  • roohangiz Naderi 2
  • Babak Motesharezade 3
  • Seyad Alireza Salami 1
1 Department of Horticultural science, Agricultural Campus and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Horticultural science, Agricultural Campus and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Agricultural Campus and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, soil contamination with heavy metals is one of the major environmental concerns. Among heavy metals, lead is one of the main concerns due to its effects on human health and environment. The most important sources of this pollution in most parts of the world are mines, industrial waste, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In order to investigate the adsorption capacity of lead by the ornamental plant of viola (Viola tricolor) and to find the morphological and physiological responses of plant against lead stress, a study in contaminated soil with different levels of lead (0, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was done in a completely randomized design with five repetitions in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran. The results showed by increasing the concentration of lead in the soil, its amount increased in three parts of shoots, roots and flowers of the plant and the highest accumulation of lead in the roots was found to be 41.27 mg/kg. The high lead pollution reduced the fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots and the root length as compared to the control. Also, total antioxidants and glycine betaine as a defensive factor against stress were found at a concentration of 400 mg/kg lead, which were 61.3% and 114.33 μmol/g, respectively. Therefore, violet can be recommended as an adsorbent of lead and a stress reliever in urban and industrial green space cultivation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • soil contaminant
  • Lead accumulator
  • heavy metal stress
  • Glycine betaine
  • Antioxidant percentage
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