تاثیر محلول‌پاشی روی و فسفر بر پویایی و غنی‌‌سازی زیستی آنها و میزان پروتئین دانه دو رقم برنج هاشمی و گیلانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

چکیده

فسفر دومین عنصر پرمصرف و روی مهم­ترین عنصر کم­مصرف می­باشند که اثرات ناشی از کمبود آن­ها گسترده‌‌‌‌ترین بی­نظمی‌های تغذیه‌ای را در اراضی شالیزاری جهان ایجاد می‌کنند. به­منظور بررسی تاثیر محلول‌پاشی عناصر روی و فسفر (هر کدام در سه سطح) بر غلظت فسفر و روی در اندام­های مختلف گیاه برنج در مراحل گوناگون رشد، غنی‌سازی زیستی دانه و میزان پروتئین دانه برنج دو رقم هاشمی و گیلانه، آزمایشی مزرعه‌ایی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1397-1396در مزرعه پژوهشی مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور-رشت، اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که تیمارهای روی، فسفر و رقم و برهمکنش آن­ها بر غلظت روی و فسفر ریشه، برگ و ساقه در مرحله گلدهی و رسیدن دانه و غلظت روی و مقدار پروتئین دانه تاثیر معنی‌دار داشت. در مرحله گلدهی بالاترین غلظت روی در برگ بطور متوسط چهار برابر، در ساقه و خوشه سه برابر و غلظت فسفر در این اندام‌ها تا دو برابر افزایش یافت. بالاترین میزان صفت غلظت روی در آرد برنج در تیمار محلول‌‌پاشی با سولفات‌روی پنج در هزار یک هفته قبل از گلدهی و در مرحله رسیدگی دانه به­دست آمده است که به­ترتیب 06/39 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم برای رقم هاشمی (11/27 درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد) و 37/35 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم برای رقم گیلانه (37/27درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد) بود. بالاترین میزان صفت پروتئین آرد برنج در تیمار محلول‌پاشی با سولفات‌روی پنج در هزار یک هفته قبل از گلدهی و در مرحله رسیدگی دانه مشاهده شد. این افزایش 11 درصد برای رقم هاشمی (37/32 درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد) و 67/10 درصد برای رقم گیلانه (21/38درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد) بود که تفاوت معنی‌داری با هم نداشتند. واکنش هر دو رقم نسبت به تیمارها مشابه و محلول‌پاشی با سولفات‌روی پنج در هزار یک هفته قبل از گلدهی و در مرحله رسیدگی دانه راهکار مناسبی برای افزایش غلظت روی و درصد پروتئین دانه در هر دو رقم بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Foliar Application of Zinc and Phosphorous on Their Dynamic, Biofortification, and on Grain Protein Content of Two Rice Cultivars (Hashemi and Guilaneh)

نویسنده [English]

  • Shahram MahmoudSoltani
Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Phosphorus (P) is the second macronutrients and zinc (Zn) is the most important micronutrients that their deficiencies are the most important global nutrient disorders in the world paddy fields. The current field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Zn and P foliar application (each at three levels) on their content in rice tissues and grains bio-fortification (Zn and protein content). A field experiment as factorial form was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in 2017-2018, at research farm of Rice Institute in Rasht, Iran. The results of the variance analysis indicated that all the applied treatments and their interactions significantly influenced the Zn and P content of rice tissues, Zn and protein contents of rice grains. The heighest zinc content increased in the leaves four times, in the stem and panicle three times and the phosphorous content increased in all organs two times, at flowering and ripening stages. The highest content of grain Zn in Hashemi and Guilaneh cultivars, treated by foliar application of Zn (using 5 ppt ZnSO4) one week before flowering and grain filling stages,  were recorded to be about 39.06 mgkg-1 (27.11% more than the control) and 35.37 mgkg-1 (27.37 % more than the control ), respectively. Also, the highest content of grain protein in Hashemi and Guilaneh cultivars with no significant difference treated by foliar application of Zn (using 5 ppt ZnSO4) one week before flowering and grain filling stages were recorded to be about 11% (32.37% more than the control) and  10.67% (38.21 % more than the control), respectively. The proposed cultivars have been similarly responded to the applied treatments. It can be concluded that the foliar application of Zn, one week before flowering and grain filling stages might be a quick and proper solution to enhance grain Zn and protein content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Foliar application
  • protein
  • rice
  • zinc
  • phosphorus
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