ارزیابی صحرایی چند رابطه تحلیل اندازه ذرات برای تخمین هدایت هیدرولیکی بستر رودخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب. دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، ایران.

3 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، ایران

4 گروه سازه های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

برای تعیین میزان تبادلات آبی بین آب­های سطحی و زیرزمینی از طریق بستر رودخانه، تعیین دقیق هدایت هیدرولیکی آن­ها ضروری است. اما اندازه­گیری هدایت هیدرولیکی بستر رودخانه دشوار، وقت­گیر و هزینه­بر است. روش­های تحلیل اندازه ذرات با استفاده از داده­های حاصل از منحنی توزیع ذرات و تخلخل، میزان هدایت هیدرولیکی را بدون اندازه­گیری صحرایی تخمین می­زنند. هدف از انجام این تحقیق مقایسه هدایت هیدرولیکی برآورد شده با استفاده از چند رابطه تجربی اندازه ذرات (Kg) با هدایت هیدرولیکی اندازه­گیری­شده به­روش نفوذسنج (Kv) در بستر رودخانه­های کرخه، دز و شاوور در محدوده شهرستان شوش استان خوزستان می­باشد. در این تحقیق، دقت هفت رابطه تجربی، با استفاده از 18 نمونه حاصل از نقاط اندازه­گیری، بررسی شد. هدایت هیدرولیکی در رودخانه­های کرخه، دز و شاوور به­ترتیب 15/2، 94/2 و 03/0 متر بر روز اندازه­گیری ­شد. در بستر رودخانه شاوور با بافت رسی، همه روابط Kg را تا 6/84 برابر بیش از Kv برآورد کردند. اما در بستر دو رودخانه دیگر که خاک درشت دانه داشتند، مقدار Kg رابطه الیمانی و سن کمتر و روابط ترزاقی، هیزن، بیر و USBR بیش­تر و دو رابطه اسلیشتر و کوزنی نزدیک به­مقدار Kv بود. همچنین، ضرایب پیشنهادی C روابط مختلف اندازه ذرات نسبت به ضرایب اصلی در آن روابط، در بازه 15/0 تا 1/2 محاسبه شد. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، برای استفاده از روابط تجربی یادشده در تعیین Kv، استفاده از ضرایب اصلاحی C ضروری می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Field Evaluation of Some of the Grain-size Analysis Methods for Determining Hydraulic Conductivity of Streambed

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hojjat Kasir 1
  • Amir Naserin 2
  • Ahmad Jafari 3
  • Mahmood Shafai Bejestan 4
1 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development,, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Ahvaz,, Iran.
2 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Department of Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz,, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

To determine the water exchanges between surface and ground waters through river bed, it is necessary to have an accurate estimation of hydraulic conductivity of the river bed. But, the measurement of river bed hydraulic conductivity is difficult, time-consuming and costly. The grain size analysis methods estimate the hydraulic conductivity using the data obtained from the grain size distribution curve and the porosity of the soil, without any field measurements. The purpose of this study is to compare the estimated hydraulic conductivities, using some grain-size analysis equations (Kg), with the values measured by permeameter (Kv) method in Karkheh, Dez and, Shavoor river beds in Shush County, Khuzestan Province. In this study, the accuracy of seven empirical equations were investigated using 18 samples obtained from the measuring stations. The Kv values at Karkheh, Dez, and Shavoor river bed were measured to be 2.15, 2.94 and 0.03 m/day, respectively. In Shavoor River bed with clay texture, all the equations overestimate the Kg up to 84.6 times more than the Kv. While, in the other rivers with coarse grains, the estimated Kg by Alyamani-sen was less than the Kv, and the Kg estimated by Terzaghi, Hazen, Beyer and USBR was more than the Kv and the Kg estimated by Slichter and Kozney equations resulted a Kg close to the Kv. Moreover, the ratio of the new proposed C coefficient to the original C coefficient of equations were calculated between "0.15 to 2.1". Based on the results, it is necessary to use the modified coefficient of C for utilization of grain size methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dez. Karkheh
  • Shavoor
  • Vertical hydraulic conductivity
  • Water exchanges

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 51، شماره 8
آبان 1399
صفحه 2007-2021

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