بررسی برخی پاسخ های مورفو-فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه کشمش ژاپنی (Hovenia dulcis L. ) تحت تنش سرب، شوری و نیترات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

3 استاد گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

4 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر، با هدف بررسی پاسخ‎های مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی نهال کشمش ژاپنی تحت شرایط تنش شوری، نیترات و فلز سنگین سرب اجرا شد. محلول نیترات در سه سطح (غلظت صفر،30، 60 mg L-1)، محلول سرب در سه سطح (غلظت صفر، 300 و600 mg L-1) و شوری (قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی) در سه سطح (تیمار شاهد ، 3، 6 dS m-1)، اعمال و نهال گیاهان برای مدت چهار ماه در شرایط گلخانه‎ای بررسی شدند. نتایج حاصله نشان داد بیش­ترین وزن تر اندام هوایی در تیمارهای بدون تنش شوری و نیترات و سطوح آلودگی 300 و 600 (mg L-1) و کم­ترین وزن تر در سطح حداکثری قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی 6 (dS/m)، آلودگی سرب 600 و نیترات  30 (mg L-1)، گزارش شد. بیش­ترین غلظت سرب اندام هوایی گیاه به میزان 72 (mg kg-1) در تیمار بدون شوری و سطح 600 (mg kg-1) سرب و بدون نیترات گزارش شد. بیش­ترین پراکسیداسیون لیپیدها در سطح 600 (mg kg-1) سرب رخ داد که نشان­دهنده فعالیت مکانیسم‎های دفاعی گیاه تحت این شرایط است. علاوه بر این سنتز پرولین به­عنوان اسمولیت گیاهی مقابله کننده با شرایط تنش، تحت کاربرد بیشینه سرب (mg kg-1 600) افزایش معنی‎داری نشان داد؛ اما کاربرد نیترات، سبب کاهش تولید مالون دی آلدهید در گیاه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Morpho-physiological and Biochemical Adaptive Responses of Hovenia dulcis L. Affected by Salinity, Nitrate and Lead

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Mahsa Hosseini 1
  • Sepideh Kalatehjari 2
  • Mohsen Kafi 3
  • Babak Motesharezadeh 4
1 Horticultural Science Department,, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research, Tehran, Iran,
2 Horticultural Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran,
4 Soil Science Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

This study was carried out to investigate the morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of Japanese raisin (Hovenia dulcis L.) seedlings to stress conditions of salinity (Electrical conductivity), nitrate and Pb. The experiment was conducted in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three stress factors including nitrate (0, 30 and 60 mg L-1), salinity (0, 3 and 6 dSm-1) and Pb (0, 300 and 600 mg L-1) and three replications. Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions for four months. The highest shoot fresh weight was observed in treatments of 300 and 600 mg/kg Pb with zero salinity and nitrate level and the lowest fresh weight was belonged to the treatment of 6 dS/m salinity, 600 mg/kg Pb and 30 mg/L nitrate. The highest Pb concentration of shoot (72 mg kg-1 dry matter) was reported in treatment of 600 mg kg-1 Pb and with zero salinity and nitrate level. The highest value of lipids peroxidation occurred at treatment of 600 mg kg-1 Pb, indicating the plant defense mechanisms activity under these conditions. Furthermore, the synthesis of proline as a plant response to stress conditions significantly increased at 600 mg kg-1 Pb; whereas, nitrate application led to reduce malondialdehyde production in plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil pollution
  • Plant responses
  • Phytoremediation
  • Heavy metals
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