ارزیابی شاخص‌های تحمل به شوری آب آبیاری در ارقام و لاین‌های جدید گلرنگ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 . استادیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکـز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس،سـازمان تحقیقـات، آمـوزش و ترویـج کشـاورزی،داراب،

2 عضو هیئت علمی بخش تحقیقات اصلاح نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،

چکیده

به­منظور ارزیابی شاخص­های تحمل به شوری و انتخاب ژنوتیپ ایده­آل در چند رقم و لاین جدید گلرنگ، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب به اجرا درآمد. فاکتور اول با دو سطح شوری آب آبیاری به­ترتیب شامل 98/0 (شاهد) و 8/7 دسی زیمنس بر متر و فاکتور دوم با هشت ژنوتیپ گلرنگ شامل ارقام گلدشت، پرنیان، گل­مهر، محلی­اصفهان، پدیده و سه لاین امیدبخش Mec14، Mec235 و Mec248 بود. برای ارزیابی تحمل به شوری ژنوتیپ­ها از شاخص­هایی شامل حساسیت به تنش (SSI)، میانگین هارمونیک (HM)، شاخص تحمل (TOL)، شاخص تحمل به تنش (STI)، میانگین هندسی بهره‌وری (GMP)، شاخص بهره‌وری متوسط (MP)، شاخص عملکرد (YI)، شاخص پایداری عملکرد (YSI) و در نهایت از تکنیک شاخص انتخاب ژنوتیپ ایده­آل (SIIG) استفاده­ گردید. بر اساس نتایج، شاخص­های MP، GMP، HM، YI و  STI بیش­ترین همبستگی را با عملکرد دانه در شرایط شاهد و شوری داشتند، بنابراین مناسب­ترین شاخص­ها جهت تعیین میزان تحمل به شوری شناخته شدند. بر اساس این شاخص­ها لاین Mec248 به­عنوان برترین ژنوتیپ در این آزمایش معرفی گردید. از سوی دیگر بر اساس شاخص انتخاب ژنوتیپ ایده­آل (SIIG) ژنوتیپ پرنیان با بیش­ترین مقدار (683/0) به­عنوان متحمل­ترین ژنوتیپ­ به تنش شوری معرفی شد. بنابراین در نهایت این ژنوتیپ برای کاشت در مناطق جنوبی مشابه که مشکل شوری دارند توصیه می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Irrigation Water Salinity Tolerance Indices in New Cultivars and Lines of Safflower

نویسندگان [English]

  • HASAN HAGHIGHATNIA 1
  • ABOLGHASEM ALHANI 2
1 Assistant Professor of Soil and Water Research Department, , Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Darab, , Iran
2 Faculty Educator of Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Darab, Fars, Iran
چکیده [English]

    In order to evaluate the salinity tolerance indices and to select the ideal genotype among several new cultivars and lines of safflower, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replicates in Darab Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station. The first factor, with two salinity levels of irrigation water consisted of 0.98 (as control) and 7.8 dS.m-1, and the second factor with eight safflower genotypes included Goldasht, Parnian, Golmehr, Isfahan, Padideh and three promising lines Mec14., Mec235 and Mec248. For evaluation of salinity tolerance of cultivars and lines, some indices including stress sensitivity (SSI), harmonic mean (HM), tolerance index (TOL), stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), index average productivity (MP), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI) and finally the ideal genotype selection index (SIIG) technique were used. Based on the results, MP, GMP, HM, YI and STI indices had the highest correlation with grain yield under control and salinity conditions, thus they were recognized as the most suitable indices for determining salinity tolerance. According to these indices, Mec248 line was introduced as the best genotypes in this experiment. On the other hand, based on ideal genotype selection index (SIIG), Parnian genotype with the highest value (0.683) was introduced as the most tolerant genotype to salinity stress. Therefore, this genotype is recommended for planting in similar southern areas that have salinity problems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ideal selection
  • Genotype
  • Safflower
  • Salinity stress
  • Yield
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